ArticleBMJ open2022
Opt-out universal HCV and HIV screening in a Canadian emergency room: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03595527 (Universal HIV Screening and Targeted HCV Screening in Emergency Department), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Universal HIV Screening and Targeted HCV Screening in Emergency Department
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the Impact of an Sexually Transmitted Infections Nurse on the Delivery of Sexually Transmitted Infections/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Services in an Inner-City Emergency Department Using a Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Syphilis Point-of-Care Test During a Syphilis Outbreak in Alberta, Canada.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- How to Better Screen for Blood-Borne Viruses, Specifically HIV, in Hospital Emergency Departments: French and European Perspectives.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Who declines "opt-out" HIV/HCV testing? Experience of an internal medicine resident continuity clinic serving a predominantly Black adult population in South Carolina.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2024Article
- Sexually Transmitted Infection Co-testing in a Large Urban Emergency Department.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- HCV universal EHR prompt successfully increases screening, highlights potential disparities.PloS one · 2023Article
- National Hepatitis C estimates: Incidence, prevalence, undiagnosed proportion and treatment, Canada, 2019.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV cases in a population sample tested in the emergency room (ER) and to evaluate linkage-to-care.
settingCanadian university hospital.
participantsAdults born after 1945 who consulted at ER for any condition and on any shift were included. Patients unable to opt-out were excluded.
interventionsER nurse confirmed patients' eligibility and provided them with the option to opt-out. A physician met patients with a new diagnosis. Linkage-to-care was assessed 3 months postdiagnosis. Patients newly diagnosed with HCV were considered linked if they had an HCV RNA test, genotype, liver fibrosis evaluation, and if indicated, treatment prescription. Patients newly diagnosed with HIV were considered linked to care if they had an HIV serology confirmation test, viral load, CD4 cell count and started antiretroviral therapy. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary objective: to determine the prevalence (overall and undiagnosed cases) of HIV and HCV among the patients who consult the ER. Secondary objectives: to determine the proportion of patients who opt-out, assess the adherence of emergency staff to the offer of testing, determine the proportion of patients linked to care at 3 months.
resultsAmong 6350 eligible patients informed of the screening programme, 62.1% of patients were tested for at least one virus (HIV: 3905; HCV: 3910). 25% patients opted-out, 12% were not tested for organisational reasons, 0.3% (18) patients were HCV-HIV coinfected. Overall prevalence of HCV and HIV cases were 1.9% and 1.2%, respectively. Prevalence of new cases was 0.23% (95% CI 0.12% 0.45%) for HCV and 0.05% (95% CI 0.01% to 0.20%) for HIV. Among the new cases, only two HCV-infected and one HIV-infected patients were linked-to-care 3 months postdiagnosis.
conclusionsIdentification of new cases of HCV and HIV through universal screening at the ER and linkage-to-care were both low. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03595527; Results.
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