ArticleJournal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England)2022
Predictors of competitive employment in individuals with severe mental illness: results from an observational, cross-sectional study in Germany.
Article in Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Disclosure of mental illness towards employers during the return to work process after psychiatric hospitalization.BMC psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Between support and uncertainty: employers' perspectives on workplace inclusion of people with mental health problems.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Unemployment & opioid use disorder - socio-medical assessment results by the Medical Service of the German Federal Employment Agency.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2026Article
- Prevalence of mental disorders and work ability among unemployed individuals in Germany: a register-based analysis of socio-medical assessments by the Federal Employment Agency between 2016 and 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Taking what you get or Getting what you Need: A Qualitative Study on Experiences with Mental Health and Welfare Services in Long-Term Recovery in First-Episode Psychosis.Community mental health journal · 2025Article
- Predicting satisfaction with vocational status among people with serious mental illness in vocational services: the role of perceived skills and support.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundEmployment is of great importance as it is associated with various positive effects. Individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) are often excluded from competitive employment. Current data on employment of individuals with mental illness are rare, and influencing factors are under-researched. The present study examines possible predictors of competitive employment among individuals with SMI.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional and multicentered study of 300 individuals with SMI aged 18 to 65 years. The following inclusion criteria were used: (I) diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (ICD-10 F2x), or affective disorders (ICD-10 F3x), (II) duration of psychiatric illness ≥ 2 years, and (III) substantial impact of illness on social functioning. Participants were interviewed by trained staff using standardised instruments. The relationship between potential predictors (age, sex, education, marital status, living situation, migration background, psychosocial functioning, age at first mental problem, physical illness, work ability) and employment was analysed using a hierarchic binary logistic regression model.
resultsOnly one-third (34%) of participants were competitively employed. Almost one-third were unemployed (30%), and 28% reported early retirement due to mental illness. Psychosocial functioning was positively associated with competitive employment (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05 - 1.13, p < 0.001); concurrent chronic physical illness was negatively associated with competitive employment (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21 - 0.71, p = 0.002).
conclusionsFindings confirm a high risk of exclusion from competitive employment among individuals with SMI. Nonetheless, a substantial proportion of individuals are employed. Findings call for efforts to maintain or enhance workforce participation among individuals with SMI. A special focus should be placed on improving physical health and strengthening psychosocial functioning.
trial registrationThe study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) under the registration number DRKS00015801 before the start of recruitment (Registration date: 21.02.2019).
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