ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2022
Parasite co-infection: an ecological, molecular and experimental perspective.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of mixed infection with Trypanosoma cruzi and the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae on survival, parasitemia, and immune response in Triatoma pallidipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae).Journal of medical entomology · 2026Article
- Development and pilot application of a point-of-need molecular xenomonitoring protocol for tsetse (Glossina sp.) in a low-resource setting.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Host traits and environmental factors shape infection heterogeneity in wild rat-protozoa networks.ISME communications · 2026Article
- Immunity beyond borders: non-lethalFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Establishment of an in vitro co-infection model of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Article
- Fungal and bacterial pathogenic co-infections mainly lead to the assembly of microbial community in tobacco stems.Open life sciences · 2025Article
- Coinfection of gastrointestinal parasites with paratuberculosis in naturally infected sheep.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- The Dominance of Coinfecting Parasites' Indirect Genetic Effects on Host Traits.The American naturalist · 2024Article
- Coinfection frequency in water flea populations is a mere reflection of parasite diversity.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of African trypanosomes: From laboratory models to clinically relevant hosts.Virulence · 2023Review
- How colonization bottlenecks, tissue niches, and transmission strategies shape protozoan infections.Trends in parasitology · 2023Review
- Cell-cell communication in African trypanosomes.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
- The eukaryome of African children is influenced by geographic location, gut biogeography, and nutritional status.microLife · 2023Article
- The immunology of parasite infections: Grand challenges.Frontiers in parasitology · 2022Article
- Body condition reveals hidden correlations between co-infection and behavior in sunfish.Behavioral ecology : official journal of the International Society for Behavioral EcologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Laboratory studies of pathogens aim to limit complexity in order to disentangle the important parameters contributing to an infection. However, pathogens rarely exist in isolation, and hosts may sustain co-infections with multiple disease agents. These interact with each other and with the host immune system dynamically, with disease outcomes affected by the composition of the community of infecting pathogens, their order of colonization, competition for niches and nutrients, and immune modulation. While pathogen-immune interactions have been detailed elsewhere, here we examine the use of ecological and experimental studies of trypanosome and malaria infections to discuss the interactions between pathogens in mammal hosts and arthropod vectors, including recently developed laboratory models for co-infection. The implications of pathogen co-infection for disease therapy are also discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.