ArticleJournal of leukocyte biology2022
Immune modulatory effects of progesterone on oxLDL-induced trained immunity in monocytes.
Article in Journal of leukocyte biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mesenchymal stromal cells immunosuppress osteoarthritis synovial fluid modulated monocytes via IL-6 and CCL2.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Sustained monocyte activation by persistent challenges with either oxLDL or free cholesterol and underlying mechanisms.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- The long-term effect of metabolic bariatric surgery on innate immune cell phenotype and function.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Observational
- Sex Differences in Immune Responses to Infectious Diseases: The Role of Genetics, Hormones, and Aging.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chronic systemic inflammation by peptidoglycan-polysaccharide induces skeletal muscle atrophy in male and ovariectomized C57BL/6J mice.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Role of Trained Immunity in Heath and Disease.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- DAMP-driven trained immunity: metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in critical illness and chronic inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Trained Innate Immunity in Animal Models of Cardiovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pathomorphological characteristics of tuberculous placenta and its clinical implication.Diagnostic pathology · 2023Article
- Lower female survival from an opportunistic infection reveals progesterone-driven sex bias in trained immunity.Cell reports · 2023Article
- The Effect of Progestins on Cytokine Production in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Menopausal Women and Their Luminol-Dependent Chemiluminescence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Identification of Immuno-Inflammation-Related Biomarkers for Acute Myocardial Infarction Based on Bioinformatics.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Trained immunity as a potential target for therapeutic immunomodulation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The role of monocytes in thrombotic diseases: a review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Innate Immune Memory in Monocytes and Macrophages: The Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Atherosclerosis.Cells · 2022Review
- Progesterone as an Anti-Inflammatory Drug and Immunomodulator: New Aspects in Hormonal Regulation of the Inflammation.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Immune modulatory effects of progesterone on oxLDL-induced trained immunity in monocytes.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2022Article
- Trained immunity: A Yin-Yang balance.MedComm · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of death in the world. Monocyte-derived macrophages are key players in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Innate immune memory following exposure of monocytes to atherogenic compounds, such as oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL), termed trained immunity, can contribute to atherogenesis. The current study aimed to elucidate intracellular mechanisms of oxLDL-induced trained immunity. Using untargeted intracellular metabolomics in isolated human primary monocytes, we show that oxLDL-induced trained immunity results in alterations in the balance of intracellular steroid hormones in monocytes. This was reflected by a decrease in extracellular progesterone concentrations following LPS stimulation. To understand the potential effects of steroid hormones on trained immunity, monocytes were costimulated with oxLDL and the steroid hormones progesterone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, β-estradiol, and dihydrotestosterone. Progesterone showed a unique ability to attenuate the enhanced TNFα and IL-6 production following oxLDL-induced trained immunity. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the nuclear glucocorticoid, progesterone, and mineralocorticoid receptor were shown to correlate with ex vivo oxLDL-induced trained immunity in 243 healthy volunteers. Pharmacologic inhibition experiments revealed that progesterone exerts the suppression of TNFα in trained immunity via the nuclear glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Our data show that progesterone has a unique ability to suppress oxLDL-induced trained immunity. We hypothesize that this effect might contribute to the lower incidence of CVD in premenopausal women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.