ReviewJournal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association2022
Biology of human milk oligosaccharides: From basic science to clinical evidence.
Review in Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06094153 (Randomized Controlled Trial on Prebiotic Effects on Gut Microbiota, Gut Comfort and Immune Function), which is not on this map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Controlled Trial on Prebiotic Effects on Gut Microbiota, Gut Comfort and Immune Function
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Milk Bioactive Compounds and Psychomotor Outcomes in Infants and Children: A Systematic Review.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Pooled it
- Nutrition and Gut Microbiome in the Prevention of Food Allergy.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical Studies on the Supplementation of Manufactured Human Milk Oligosaccharides: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of Human Milk Oligosaccharide 6'-Sialyllactose Supplementation on Exercise Performance and Training Adaptations.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- An Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula Supplemented with Two Human Milk Oligosaccharides Modifies the Fecal Microbiome and Metabolome in Infants with Cow's Milk Protein Allergy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Trial
- Decoding the HMO‒microbiome axis: bridging maternal milk to infant health outcomes.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Maternal obesity alters human milk oligosaccharides content and correlates with early acquisition of late colonizers in the neonatal gut microbiome.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- The potential of human milk oligosaccharides in ameliorating traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive impairment in mice.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Programmable HMO biosynthesis enabled by human cell-based glycoengineering.Glycobiology · 2026Article
- Early-life immune imprinting by a B. infantis-HMO synbiotic shapes infant immune signatures and protects against experimental respiratory disease.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Special Milk and Synthetic Biology: A Dual-Perspective Review of Ingredient Substitutions in Breast-Milk-Simulated Infant Formula.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2026Review
- Oxygen homeostasis: new insight of gut microbiota-host interactions.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Analysis of the Milk Oligosaccharides Spectrum and Sialylation Status of Milk from West African Dwarf Goat and East Friesian Sheep.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Shaping of the Infant Gut Microbiome by Milk Oligosaccharides.Annual review of biochemistry · 2026Review
- Biosynthesis of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in glycoengineered human cells.Glycobiology · 2026Article
- Glutamate: Safe and Adequate Intake Levels for Infants-Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Human milk oligosaccharide supplementation for metabolic health and obesity: potential mechanisms, current evidence, and research priorities.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- Lacto-N-tetraose biosynthesis from lactose via metabolically rewired Escherichia coli.Metabolic engineering · 2026Article
- Limited Evidence of Benefits from Clinical Trials of Human-Identical Milk Oligosaccharides for Infants.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- 2'-Fucosyllactose transactivates EGF receptor in intestinal epithelial cells for prevention of colitis in adulthood.iScience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been researched by scientists for over 100 years, driven by the substantial evidence for the nutritional and health benefits of mother's milk. Yet research has truly bloomed during the last decade, thanks to progress in biotechnology, which has allowed the production of large amounts of bona fide HMOs. The availability of HMOs has been particularly crucial for the renewed interest in HMO research because of the low abundance or even absence of HMOs in farmed animal milk. This interest is reflected in the increasing number of original research publications and reviews on HMOs. Here, we provide an overview and critical discussion on structure-function relations of HMOs that highlight why they are such interesting and important components of human milk. Clinical observations in breastfed infants backed by basic research from animal models provide guidance as to what physiological roles for HMOs are to be expected. From an evidence-based nutrition viewpoint, we discuss the current data supporting the clinical relevance of specific HMOs based on randomised placebo-controlled clinical intervention trials in formula-fed infants.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.