Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35039488›Full record

ArticleNature communications2022

AI Pontryagin or how artificial neural networks learn to control dynamical systems.

Lucas Böttcher, Nino Antulov-Fantulin, Thomas Asikis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

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  7. Control of medical digital twins with artificial neural networks.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lucas Böttcher *Computational Social Science, Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, Frankfurt am Main, 60322, Germany. l.boettcher@fs.de.ORCID 0000-0003-1700-1897
Nino Antulov-FantulinComputational Social Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. anino@ethz.ch.ORCID 0000-0002-4337-2475
Thomas Asikis *Computational Social Science, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland. asikist@ethz.ch.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The efficient control of complex dynamical systems has many applications in the natural and applied sciences. In most real-world control problems, both control energy and cost constraints play a significant role. Although such optimal control problems can be formulated within the framework of variational calculus, their solution for complex systems is often analytically and computationally intractable. To overcome this outstanding challenge, we present AI Pontryagin, a versatile control framework based on neural ordinary differential equations that automatically learns control signals that steer high-dimensional dynamical systems towards a desired target state within a specified time interval. We demonstrate the ability of AI Pontryagin to learn control signals that closely resemble those found by corresponding optimal control frameworks in terms of control energy and deviation from the desired target state. Our results suggest that AI Pontryagin is capable of solving a wide range of control and optimization problems, including those that are analytically intractable.

Identifiers

PMID35039488
PMCPMC8763915

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.