ArticleAmerican journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics2022
Orthodontic loading activates cell-specific autophagy in a force-dependent manner.
Article in American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of autophagy in periodontal diseases: a bibliometric analysis from 2006 to 2023.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Cell Death in Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Recent Advances and Emerging Insights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- From mechanical force to cellular response: the role of autophagy in orthodontic tooth movement.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Regulation of Periodontal Ligament Autophagy by Super-Activated Platelet Lysate in a Rat Maxillary Expansion Model.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- M2-exo promote orthodontic bone remodeling via the MeCP2-TCF20-HDAC1 axis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Autophagy in orthodontic tooth movement: advances, challenges, and future perspectives.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- The Potential Regulatory Role of Ferroptosis in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Autophagy, a double-edged sword for oral tissue regeneration.Journal of advanced research · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles derived from M1 macrophages enhance rat midpalatal suture expansion by promoting initial bone turnover and inflammation.Progress in orthodontics · 2023Article
- Article
- Strontium Ranelate Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis through NF-κB-Pathway-Dependent Autophagy.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Identification of potentially functional circRNAs and prediction of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in periodontitis: Bridging the gap between bioinformatics and clinical needs.Journal of periodontal research · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionOrthodontic tooth movement (OTM) relies on bone remodeling and controlled aseptic inflammation. Autophagy, a conserved homeostatic pathway, has been shown to play a role in bone turnover. We hypothesize that autophagy participates in regulating bone remodeling during OTM in a force-dependent and cell type-specific manner.
methodsA split-mouth design was used to load molars with 1 of 3 force levels (15, 30, or 45 g of force) in mice carrying a green fluorescent protein-LC3 transgene to detect cellular autophagy. Fluorescent microscopy and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses were used to evaluate autophagy activation and its correlation with force level. Cell type-specific antibodies were used to identify cells with green fluorescent protein-positive puncta (autophagosomes) in periodontal tissues.
resultsAutophagic activity increased shortly after loading with moderate force and was associated with the expression of bone turnover, inflammatory, and autophagy markers. Different load levels resulted in altered degrees of autophagic activation, gene expression, and osteoclast recruitment. Autophagy was specifically induced by loading in macrophages and osteoclasts found in the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Data suggest autophagy participates in regulating bone turnover during OTM.
conclusionsAutophagy is induced in macrophage lineage cells by orthodontic loading in a force-dependent manner and plays a role during OTM, possibly through modulation of osteoclast bone resorption. Exploring the roles of autophagy in OTM is medically relevant, given that autophagy is associated with oral and systemic inflammatory conditions.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.