ArticleBMC geriatrics2022
Living arrangement modifies the associations of loneliness with adverse health outcomes in older adults: evidence from the CLHLS.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aging trends, challenges, and policy framework within the Ghanaian context: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Loneliness, social isolation, and living alone: a comprehensive systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of mortality risks in older adults.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Pooled it
- Loneliness and Functional Decline in Aging: A Systematic Review.Research in gerontological nursingPooled it
- Dimensions of Loneliness Among Older Adults in Osijek-Baranja County: Associations with Sociodemographic, Family, and Social Characteristics.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effect of Social Support on Suicide Risk among Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive, and Comorbid Symptom Groups in Elderly Living Alone in Korea.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Decomposition and comparative analysis of differences in loneliness between urban and rural older adults: evidence from a national survey.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Nationwide cross-sectional study results on long-term care and SARS-CoV-2 infection among older adults in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Does living alone reshape healthcare use? Longitudinal evidence from older adults in China.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Factors associated with life satisfaction of Korean older adults with disabilities living alone: a cross-sectional study using the ICF framework.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Better Sleep Better Psychological Well-Being Among Older Adults: Evidence From the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).Journal of aging research · 2026Article
- Joint association of postoperative visual acuity status and baseline loneliness with cognitive impairment after cataract surgery in older adults: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Psychological resources and illness recovery in later life: independent associations of positive mental health and attitudes to aging.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Association between living alone and frailty, and its gender disparity: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Chinese older adults undergoing hospitalisation.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Gender-Specific Population Attributable Fractions for Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality Associated with Living Arrangement in Community-Dwelling Older People.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Healthy ageing and psychological resilience among the empty-nest older adults: a cross-sectional survey in China.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Living arrangements and lonely life expectancy: a multistate life table based on Markov chains.Population health metrics · 2025Article
- Virtual Life Story Club Intervention to Improve Loneliness and Apathy in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Multimorbidity patterns and influencing factors in older Chinese adults: a national population-based cross-sectional survey.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Moderating effect of instrumental activities of daily living on the relationship between loneliness and depression in people with cognitive frailty.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- The buffering effect of spousal support in later life: mediated and moderated pathways from negative life events to loneliness among older adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough it has been suggested that loneliness is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, living arrangement may confound the association. This study aimed to investigate whether the associations of loneliness with adverse health outcomes differ in community-dwelling older adults according to different living arrangements.
methodsIn the 2008/2009 wave of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, 13,738 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) were included for analyses. Living arrangements and loneliness were assessed. Health outcomes including cognitive and physical functions were assessed using MMSE, ADL/IADL scales and Frailty Index in the 2008/2009 and 2011/2012 waves; mortality was assessed in the 3-year follow-up from 2008/2009 to 2011/2012. The effect modificaitons of loneliness on adverse health outcomes by living arrangements were estimated using logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards regression models.
resultsLiving alone older adults were significantly more likely to be lonely at baseline (52% vs 29.5%, OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.67-2.16, P < 0.001), compared with those living with others. Loneliness in older adults was a significant risk factor for prevalent cognitive impairment and frailty, and 3-year mortality, especially among those who lived with others (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.15-1.52, P < 0.001; OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.24-1.57, P < 0.001; HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05-1.24, P = 0.002, respectively). In contrast, among the living alone older adults, loneliness was only significantly associated with higher prevalence of frailty (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.07-1.90, P = 0.017). Living arrangement significantly modified the associations of loneliness with prevalent cognitive impairment and 3-year mortality (P values for interaction = 0.005 and 0.026, respectively).
conclusionsLiving arrangement modifies the associations of loneliness with adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults, and those who lived with others but felt lonely had worse cognitive and physical functions as well as higher mortality. Special attention should be paid to this population and more social services should be developed to reduce adverse health outcomes, in order to improve their quality of life and promote successful aging.
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