ReviewAnesthesia and pain medicine2022
Recent update on epidural blood patch.
Review in Anesthesia and pain medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predictive factors of epidural blood patch success in intracranial hypotension syndrome.Headache · 2026Article
- CGRP-pathway exposure during the pre-EBP interval in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: an exploratory retrospective case series.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Article
- Modified Ultrafast Dynamic CT Myelography: Method, Outcomes, and Comparison With Noninvasive Imaging.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Seizure following epidural blood patch in spontaneous intracranial hypotension complicated by subdural hematoma: Illustrated case and literature review.Surgical neurology international · 2026Article
- [Post-dural puncture headache : From the diagnosis to treatment].Die Anaesthesiologie · 2026Review
- Catheter-Guided Caudal Epidural Blood Patch for Refractory CSF Leak After Multiple Spine Surgeries: A Novel Case Report.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2025Article
- Simultaneous Burr Hole Drainage and Epidural Blood Patch with Real-Time ICP Monitoring for Subdural Hematoma Associated with Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Case Report and Technical Note.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2025Article
- Epidural blood patch for cerebrospinal fluid leak-induced subdural hematoma in a pediatric patient: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Patterns of Epidural Patch Distribution: The Influence of Spinal Level, Injection Technique, and Patch Volume/Composition on Craniocaudal and Ventral Epidural Dispersion.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2025Article
- An Unusual Case of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Presenting as Meningoencephalitis.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2025Article
- Endoscopic Repair of Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak.Neurosurgery practice · 2024Article
- Perspectives from the Inaugural "Spinal CSF Leak: Bridging the Gap" Conference: A Convergence of Clinical and Patient Expertise.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Article
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Role of Epidural Blood Patching.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2024Review
- Epidural, Inadvertent Subdural, and Combined Epidural-Subdural Anesthesia in Lumbar Spine Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: Case Report and Update on Diagnosis and Treatment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Spontaneous absorption of osteophytic calcification associated with chronic dural tear and ventral spinal CSF leak.The neuroradiology journal · 2024Article
- Management of Post-Dural Puncture Headaches in Pediatric Patients with Epidural Blood or Saline Patch: An Educational Focused Review.Journal of pain research · 2024Review
- Movement Disorders in Brain Sagging Syndrome Due To Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Review.Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Intracranial hypotension in a breast cancer patient treated with epidural blood patches.CNS oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epidural blood patch (EBP) is the injection of autologous blood into the epidural space with the intent of sealing off a dural tear and stopping the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). EBP may cause an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP) due to the mass effect of the injected blood volume, causing CSF from the spinal compartment to enter the intracranial compartment. EBP is usually considered in the management of moderate to severe headache (HA) attributed to low CSF pressure, such as post-dural puncture HA (PDPH), CSF fistula HA, and HA attributed to spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) that does not respond to conservative management. However, prophylactic administration of EBP after accidental dural puncture can hardly be substantiated at present. EBP is generally safe but may rarely be associated with serious complications. Therefore, it should be carefully planned and performed under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance. Although many studies on PDPH and SIH have been conducted until recently, only few reviews have summarized the effectiveness of EBP from the perspective of a pain physician. This article reviews the current literature on the indication, contraindication, procedural consideration, post-procedural management, outcomes, and complications of EBP and the considerations for EBP in patients with COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.