ArticleThe Plant cell2022
A DE1 BINDING FACTOR 1-GLABRA2 module regulates rhamnogalacturonan I biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seed coat mucilage.
Article in The Plant cell, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The BTB/POZ-MATH Protein ZmBPM1 Interacts With Autophagy-related Protein ZmATG6 and Modulates the NLR Protein Rp1-D21-Mediated Defense Response in Maize.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Trihelix transcription factors: versatile regulators in plant growth and development, abiotic, and biotic stress responses.Plant cell reports · 2026Review
- Gibberellin signaling regulates pectin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Advances in the biosynthesis of naturally occurring benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- The transcription factors ZAT5 and BLH2/4 regulate homogalacturonan demethylesterification in Arabidopsis seed coat mucilage.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Morphological and anatomical changes during dormancy break of the seeds ofPlant signaling & behavior · 2023Article
- Auxin as an architect of the pectin matrix.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Review
- MYB-bHLH-TTG1 in a Multi-tiered Pathway Regulates Arabidopsis Seed Coat Mucilage Biosynthesis Genes Including PECTIN METHYLESTERASE INHIBITOR14 Required for Homogalacturonan Demethylesterification.Plant & cell physiology · 2023Article
- The maize ZmVPS23-like protein relocates the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein Rp1-D21 to endosomes and suppresses the defense response.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Coregulation ofFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Single-cell RNA-seq reveals fate determination control of an individual fibre cell initiation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).Plant biotechnology journal · 2022Article
- Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Trihelix transcription factors GTL1 and DF1 prevent aberrant root hair formation in an excess nutrient condition.The New phytologist · 2022Article
- Rhamnogalacturonan-I forms mucilage: behind its simplicity, a cutting-edge organization.Journal of experimental botany · 2022Article
- Coat in the act: a mechanistic insight into the transcriptional regulation of seed mucilage biosynthesis.The Plant cell · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The mucilage surrounding hydrated Arabidopsis thaliana seeds is a specialized extracellular matrix composed mainly of the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I). Although, several genes responsible for RG-I biosynthesis have been identified, the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms controlling RG-I production remain largely unknown. Here we report that the trihelix transcription factor DE1 BINDING FACTOR 1 (DF1) is a key regulator of mucilage RG-I biosynthesis. RG-I biosynthesis is significantly reduced in loss-of-function mutants of DF1. DF1 physically interacts with GLABRA2 (GL2) and both proteins transcriptionally regulate the expression of the RG-I biosynthesis genes MUCILAGE MODIFIED 4 (MUM4) and GALACTURONOSYLTRANSFERASE-LIKE5 (GATL5). Through chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR and transcriptional activation assays, we uncover a cooperative mechanism of the DF1-GL2 module in activating MUM4 and GATL5 expression, in which DF1 binds to the promoters of MUM4 and GATL5 through interacting with GL2 and facilitates the transcriptional activity of GL2. The expression of DF1 and GL2 is directly regulated by TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA2 (TTG2) and, in turn, DF1 directly represses the expression of TTG2. Taken together, our data reveal that the transcriptional regulation of mucilage RG-I biosynthesis involves a regulatory module, comprising DF1, GL2, and TTG2.
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