Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35037593›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology2021

Sharper in the morning: Cognitive time of day effects revealed with high-frequency smartphone testing.

Hannah Wilks, Andrew J Aschenbrenner, Brian A Gordon, David A Balota, Anne M Fagan, Erik Musiek, Joyce Balls-Berry, Tammie L S Benzinger, Carlos Cruchaga, John C Morris and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Visual Working Memory in Older Adults With and Without Early-Onset Depression: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2026
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  8. Bridging Gaps in Sundown Syndrome Research: a Scoping Review and Roadmap for Future Multimodal Approaches.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2025
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  9. Review
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  19. Naturalistic assessment of reaction time variability in older adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hannah WilksDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Andrew J AschenbrennerDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4317-7282
Brian A GordonDepartment of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2109-2955
David A BalotaDepartment of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Anne M FaganDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Erik MusiekDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Joyce Balls-BerryDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Tammie L S BenzingerDepartment of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Carlos CruchagaDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
John C MorrisDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Jason HassenstabDepartment of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Funding

Smartphone-Based "Burst" Cognitive AssessmentsP01AG003991 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI JOHN MORRIS, Suzanne Elizabeth Schindler · 1985 to 2026
$69.5M
Imaging CoreU19AG032438 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BATEMAN, RANDALL J · 2010 to 2025
$53.9M
The natural history of AB accumulation in preclinical ADP01AG026276 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SCHINDLER, SUZANNE ELIZABETH · 2005 to 2025
$49.5M
Research Education ComponentP30AG066444 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI DAVID M. HOLTZMAN · 2020 to 2026
$28.7M
Ambulatory Methods for Measuring Cognitive ChangeU2CAG060408 · NIA · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI CHINCHILLI, VERNON M · 2018 to 2022
$14.9M
Imaging CoreU01AG032438 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI XIONG, CHENGJIE · 2008 to 2009
$6.1M
OPTIMIZING COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT IN DIAN WITH SMARTPHONE-BASED BURST TESTING - Administrative SupplementR01AG057840 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HASSENSTAB, JASON J · 2018 to 2022
$4.2M
Within-person dynamics of cognition and personality in healthy aging and Alzheimer's disease.K01AG071847 · NIA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI ASCHENBRENNER, ANDREW · 2021 to 2025
$526k
NIA NIH HHS K01 AG071847NIA NIH HHS P01 AG003991NIA NIH HHS P01 AG026276NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066444NIA NIH HHS R01 AG057840NIA NIH HHS U01 AG032438NIA NIH HHS U19 AG032438NIA NIH HHS U2C AG060408
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Decades of research has established a shift from an "eveningness" preference to a "morningness" preference with increasing age. Accordingly, older adults typically have better cognition in morning hours compared to evening hours. We present the first known attempt to capture circadian fluctuations in cognition in individuals at risk for Alzheimer disease (AD) using a remotely administered smartphone assessment that samples cognition rapidly and repeatedly over several days. Older adults (N = 169, aged 61-94 years; 93% cognitively normal) completed four brief smartphone-based testing sessions per day for 7 consecutive days at quasi-random time intervals, assessing associate memory, processing speed, and visual working memory. Scores completed during early hours were averaged for comparison with averaged scores completed during later hours. Mixed effects models evaluated time of day effects on cognition. Additional models included clinical status and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for beta amyloid (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau181 (pTau). Models with terms for age, gender, education,

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseCognitive DysfunctionAgedAged, 80 and overAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersCognitionHumansMemory, Short-TermMiddle AgedSmartphoneAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersAgingAlzheimer’s diseasecircadian rhythmsneuropsychological testssmartphone-based cognitive testing

Identifiers

PMID35037593
PMCPMC9116128

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.