ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2022
Mortality among Care Home Residents in England during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study of 4.3 million adults over the age of 65.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review on rapid antigen test devices for SARS-CoV-2 in nursing homes: Useful, but handle with care.Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)Pooled it
- Declining demands or constraining supply? Explaining the trend of care home entry in England 2001-2021.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Quantifying selection bias due to unobserved patients in pharmacoepidemiologic studies of severe COVID-19 cohorts.BMC medical research methodology · 2026Article
- Leading through crisis: care home managers' COVID-19 experiences examined through systems-led setbacks and social positioning theory.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Protective Measures Taken in Residential Care Homes in England During the COVID-19 Pandemic. An Assessment of the Change in Mortality Rates Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Years.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Adapting the Germ Defence Web-Based Intervention to Improve Infection Prevention and Control in Care Homes: Interview Study Among Care Home Staff.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Exploring the Experiences of LTCF Staff in Implementing Visitation Policies in England During the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Death risk in nursing homes between the prepandemic period and the COVID-19 era: a retrospective cohort study in Murcia Region, Spain.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Regional inequalities in excess mortality and its community determinants during the early COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2024Article
- End-of-Life Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Decreased Hospitalization of Nursing Home Residents at the End of Life.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Changes in opioid prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: an interrupted time-series analysis in the OpenSAFELY-TTP cohort.The Lancet. Public health · 2024Article
- The effect of current antithrombotic therapy on mortality in nursing home residents with COVID-19: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.Age and ageing · 2024Article
- IT-assisted comprehensive geriatric assessment for residents in care homes: quasi-experimental longitudinal study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on Scotland's care-homes from March 2020 to October 2021: national linked data cohort analysis.Age and ageing · 2024Observational
- Built Environment and SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Long-Term Care Facilities: Cross-Sectional Survey and Data Linkage.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2024Article
- COVID-19-related mortality and hospital admissions in the VIVALDI study cohort: October 2020 to March 2023.The Journal of hospital infection · 2024Article
- Sequencing analysis of SARS-CoV-2 cases in Slovenian long-term care facilities to support outbreak control.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Protocol for VIVALDI social care: Pilot study to reduce infections, outbreaks and antimicrobial resistance in care homes for older adults.NIHR open research · 2024Article
- "We are still tired": staff and administrators' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic within California residential care facilities for older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
42 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResidents in care homes have been severely impacted by COVID-19. We describe trends in the mortality risk among residents of care homes compared to private homes.
methodsOn behalf of NHS England we used OpenSAFELY-TPP to calculate monthly age-standardised risks of death due to all causes and COVID-19 among adults aged >=65 years between 1/2/2019 and 31/03/2021. Care home residents were identified using linkage to Care and Quality Commission data.
findingsWe included 4,340,648 people aged 65 years or older on the 1st of February 2019, 2.2% of whom were classified as residing in a care or nursing home. Age-standardised mortality risks were approximately 10 times higher among care home residents compared to those in private housing in February 2019: comparative mortality figure (CMF) = 10.59 (95%CI = 9.51, 11.81) among women, and 10.87 (9.93, 11.90) among men. By April 2020 these relative differences had increased to more than 17 times with CMFs of 17.57 (16.43, 18.79) among women and 18.17 (17.22, 19.17) among men. CMFs did not increase during the second wave, despite a rise in the absolute age-standardised COVID-19 mortality risks.
interpretationCOVID-19 has had a disproportionate impact on the mortality of care home residents in England compared to older residents of private homes, but only in the first wave. This may be explained by a degree of acquired immunity, improved protective measures or changes in the underlying frailty of the populations. The care home population should be prioritised for measures aimed at controlling COVID-19.
fundingMedical Research Council MR/V015737/1.
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