Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35036552›Full record

ArticleLearning health systems2022

Categorizing metadata to help mobilize computable biomedical knowledge.

Brian S Alper, Allen Flynn, Bruce E Bray, Marisa L Conte, Christina Eldredge, Sigfried Gold, Robert A Greenes, Peter Haug, Kim Jacoby, Gunes Koru and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Learning health systems, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

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  10. Characterizing variability of electronic health record-driven phenotype definitions.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Brian S AlperComputable Publishing LLC Ipswich Massachusetts USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4300-4928
Allen FlynnMedical School University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3471-3063
Bruce E BrayBiomedical Informatics and Cardiovascular Medicine School of Medicine, University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA.
Marisa L ConteTaubman Health Sciences Library, University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7377-163X
Christina EldredgeSchool of Information University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA.
Sigfried GoldCollege of Information Studies University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7853-6137
Robert A GreenesArizona State University and Mayo Clinic. Scottsdale Arizona USA.
Peter HaugIntermountain Healthcare University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA.
Kim JacobyKomodo Health San Francisco California USA.
Gunes KoruDepartment of Information Systems University of Maryland Baltimore Maryland USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1693-4986
James McClayEmergency Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3404-0671
Marc L SainvilMayo Clinic Scottsdale Arizona USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1526-8347
Davide SottaraMayo Clinic Scottsdale Arizona USA.
Mark TuttleApelon Hartford Connecticut USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-3314
Shyam VisweswaranDepartment of Biomedical Informatics University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2079-8684
Robin Ann YurkMDyurk West Bloomfield Michigan USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-0475

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionComputable biomedical knowledge artifacts (CBKs) are digital objects conveying biomedical knowledge in machine-interpretable structures. As more CBKs are produced and their complexity increases, the value obtained from sharing CBKs grows. Mobilizing CBKs and sharing them widely can only be achieved if the CBKs are findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable, and trustable (FAIR+T). To help mobilize CBKs, we describe our efforts to outline metadata categories to make CBKs FAIR+T.

methodsWe examined the literature regarding metadata with the potential to make digital artifacts FAIR+T. We also examined metadata available online today for actual CBKs of 12 different types. With iterative refinement, we came to a consensus on key categories of metadata that, when taken together, can make CBKs FAIR+T. We use subject-predicate-object triples to more clearly differentiate metadata categories.

resultsWe defined 13 categories of CBK metadata most relevant to making CBKs FAIR+T. Eleven of these categories (type, domain, purpose, identification, location, CBK-to-CBK relationships, technical, authorization and rights management, provenance, evidential basis, and evidence from use metadata) are evident today where CBKs are stored online. Two additional categories (preservation and integrity metadata) were not evident in our examples. We provide a research agenda to guide further study and development of these and other metadata categories.

conclusionA wide variety of metadata elements in various categories is needed to make CBKs FAIR+T. More work is needed to develop a common framework for CBK metadata that can make CBKs FAIR+T for all stakeholders.

Indexed as

computable biomedical knowledgedigital objectsFAIR principlesmetadatatrust

Identifiers

PMID35036552
PMCPMC8753304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.