ArticleJournal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis2022
Mild Hypertensive Retinopathy and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: The Suita Study.
Article in Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of the association between retinopathy and the risk of stroke.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Validity of risk stratification of JSH 2025 guideline based on hypertensive retinal changes.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Stroke risk in patients with hypertensive retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ neurology open · 2026Article
- Associations of triglyceride-glucose-related indices and cardiovascular health with retinal arteriosclerosis: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence of hypertensive retinopathy and its associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, 2024, a multicenter cross-sectional study.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Association of retinal microvascular abnormalities with all-cause and specific-cause mortality among U.S. adults.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Blood Pressure Predicted From Artificial Intelligence Analysis of Retinal Images Correlates With Future Cardiovascular Events.JACC. Advances · 2024Article
- Hypertensive Retinopathy among Hypertensive Patients in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association · 2024Article
- Altered spontaneous brain activity patterns in hypertensive retinopathy using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Hypertensive retinopathy and cardiovascular disease risk: 6 population-based cohorts meta-analysis.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThis study aimed to investigate the association of mild hypertensive retinopathy with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
methodsA total of 7,027 residents aged 30-79 years without a history of CVD participated in the annual health checkups and retinal photography assessments. Retinal microvascular abnormalities were graded using the standard protocols and classified according to the Keith-Wagener-Barker classification. Mild hypertensive retinopathy was defined as grades 1 and 2. Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for total CVD and its subtypes according to the presence and absence of mild hypertensive retinopathy.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 17 years, 351 incident stroke and 247 coronary heart disease (CHD) cases were diagnosed. After adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, mild hypertensive retinopathy was positively associated with risk of CVD (multivariable HR=1.24; 95% CI, 1.04-1.49) and stroke (1.28; 1.01-1.62) but not with risk of CHD (1.19; 0.89-1.58). Generalized arteriolar narrowing and enhanced arteriolar wall reflex were positively associated with CVD risk, the multivariable HR (95% CI) was 1.24 (1.00-1.54) and 1.33 (1.02-1.74), respectively. Moreover, mild hypertensive retinopathy was positively associated with stroke risk in normotensive participants.
conclusionMild hypertensive retinopathy was positively associated with CVD and stroke risk in the urban Japanese population. Especially, generalized arteriolar narrowing and enhanced arteriolar wall reflex were positively associated with CVD risk. These findings suggested that retinal photography could be helpful for cardiovascular risk stratification in the primary cardiovascular prevention.
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