Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35034123›Full record

ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2022

Caring Together: Trajectories of Paid and Family Caregiving Support to Those Living in the Community With Dementia.

Jennifer M Reckrey, Lihua Li, Serena Zhan, Jennifer Wolff, Cynthia Yee, Katherine A Ornstein

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

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  7. Review
  8. A look at caregivers for community-living persons with dementia: Implications for the GUIDE model.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  9. When Do Paid Caregivers Support the Health of Older Adults? Geriatrician Perspectives.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
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  16. Late-Life Disability and Care: An Update From the National Health and Aging Trends Study at Its 10-Year Mark.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jennifer M ReckreyDepartment of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.
Lihua LiDepartment of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.
Serena ZhanDepartment of Population Health Sciences and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.
Jennifer WolffBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Cynthia YeeDepartment of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.
Katherine A OrnsteinDepartment of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA.

Funding

The National Health and Trends StudyU01AG032947 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI VICKI A. FREEDMAN, JENNIFER ANN SCHRACK · 2008 to 2026
$169.4M
Statistical Data EnclaveP30AG012846 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Esther M. Friedman · 1999 to 2026
$23.2M
Residing in the Community with Dementia at the End of Life: Understanding Hospice Use and Residential SettingP30AG028741 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ORNA INTRATOR · 2010 to 2026
$21.9M
Unnecessary and Harmful Medication Use in Older Adults with DementiaP01AG066605 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Alexander Keliimoeanu Smith · 2020 to 2026
$17.7M
Home, but homebound: The impact of caregiving, financial, and community resources on the lives of individuals with dementiaR01AG060967 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ORNSTEIN, KATHERINE A · 2019 to 2023
$2.5M
The Role of Paid Caregivers in Home-Based Dementia CareK23AG066930 · NIA · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI RECKREY, JENNIFER M · 2020 to 2024
$799k
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthNIA NIH HHS K23 AG066930NIA NIH HHS P01 AG066605NIA NIH HHS P30 AG012846NIA NIH HHS P30 AG028741NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060967NIA NIH HHS U01 AG032947
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesPaid caregivers (e.g., home health aides) often work with family caregivers to support persons living with dementia at home. We identify (a) unique trajectories of paid and family caregiving support among persons living with dementia with high care needs and (b) factors associated with these trajectories.

methodsWe used group-based multiple trajectory modeling to identify distinct trajectories of paid and family caregiving hours among National Health and Aging Trends Study respondents with dementia who died or moved to a nursing home (n = 334, mean follow-up 5.5 years). We examined differences between trajectory groups and identified factors associated with group membership using generalized estimating equation modeling.

resultsA 3-group model best fit our data: (a) "low/stable care" (61.3% of respondents) with stable, low/no paid care and moderate family care, (b) "increasing paid care" with increasing, moderate paid and family care, and (c) "high family care" with increasing, high family care and stable, low paid care. While both the "increasing paid care" and "high family care" groups were more functionally impaired than the "low/stable care" group, the "high family care" group was also more likely to be non-White and experience multiple medical comorbidities, depression, and social isolation. DISCUSSION: Study findings highlight the importance of considering unique arrangements in dementia care. Receipt of paid care was not only determined by patient care needs. Creating equitable access to paid care may be a particularly important way to support both persons living with dementia and their family caregivers as care needs grow.

Indexed as

DementiaHome Health AidesCaregiversFamilyHumansNursing Homesbased trajectory modelingGroupHome careLongterm careterm services and supports

Identifiers

PMID35034123
PMCPMC9122661

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.