ArticleScandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine2022
Maximum movement and cumulative movement (travel) to inform our understanding of secondary spinal cord injury and its application to collar use in self-extrication.
Article in Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spinal cord injury in the context of major motor vehicle collision trauma: a retrospective ecological analysis of global estimates across income groups.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Extrication following a motor vehicle collision: a consensus statement on behalf of The Faculty of Pre-hospital Care, Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Biomechanical analysis of spinal misalignment during Vehicular extrication maneuvers performed by professional rescue teams.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Incidence of cervical collar-related pressure injury in patients with head and neck trauma: A scoping review study.Journal of education and health promotion · 2023Article
- Removal of the cervical collar from alpine rescue protocols? A biomechanical non-inferiority trial in real-life mountain conditions.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2022Article
- A Delphi study of rescue and clinical subject matter experts on the extrication of patients following a motor vehicle collision.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMotor vehicle collisions remain a common cause of spinal cord injury. Biomechanical studies of spinal movement often lack "real world" context and applicability. Additional data may enhance our understanding of the potential for secondary spinal cord injury. We propose the metric 'travel' (total movement) and suggest that our understanding of movement related risk of injury could be improved if travel was routinely reported. We report maximal movement and travel for collar application in vehicle and subsequent self-extrication.
methodsBiomechanical data on application of cervical collar with the volunteer sat in a vehicle were collected using Inertial Measurement Units on 6 healthy volunteers. Maximal movement and travel are reported. These data and a re-analysis of previously published work is used to demonstrate the utility of travel and maximal movement in the context of self-extrication.
resultsData from a total of 60 in-vehicle collar applications across three female and three male volunteers was successfully collected for analysis. The mean age across participants was 50.3 years (range 28-68) and the BMI was 27.7 (range 21.5-34.6). The mean maximal anterior-posterior movement associated with collar application was 2.3 mm with a total AP travel of 4.9 mm. Travel (total movement) for in-car application of collar and self-extrication was 9.5 mm compared to 9.4 mm travel for self-extrication without a collar.
conclusionWe have demonstrated the application of 'travel' in the context of self-extrication. Total travel is similar across self-extricating healthy volunteers with and without a collar. We suggest that where possible 'travel' is collected and reported in future biomechanical studies in this and related areas of research. It remains appropriate to apply a cervical collar to self-extricating casualties when the clinical target is that of movement minimisation.
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