ArticleBMC pediatrics2022
Small spherical foreign bodies in the genitourinary tract and their management.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intravesical foreign bodies in pediatric: A case report highlighting the critical role of psychosocial assessment and intervention.Urology case reports · 2025Article
- Magnetic beads as intravesical foreign bodies in children: our clinical experience.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Clinical Features and Management of Urethral Foreign Bodies in Children: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUrogenital small foreign bodies (FBs) have rarely been reported in children, and their management is still challenging. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and treatment of spherical FBs no larger than 0.6 cm in the children's genitourinary tracts.
methodsThe clinical data of spherical FBs removed in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2020 were recorded and retrospectively analyzed, including demographics, location, symptoms, imaging examinations and treatment methods.
resultsA total of 10 patients were enrolled: 6 girls and 4 boys. Their ages ranged from 5.1 to 16.8 years old, with a mean age of 9.2 years. The course of the disease ranged from 3 h to 1 year, and symptoms recurred in some cases. Their imaging characteristics were reviewed and analyzed, 6 patients underwent color Doppler ultrasonography, 1 patient was suspected to have an FB in the vagina, 7 patients underwent an X-ray examination, and FBs were revealed in 6 patients. All FBs were removed under endoscopic minimally invasive surgery. Six vaginal FBs were successfully retrieved via vaginoscopy, and in the other four cases, removal by transurethral cystoscopy failed because of mutual attraction, which was eliminated by laparoscopy under pneumovesicum. Postoperative recovery was uneventful; in a follow-up of 3 months to 2 years, there was no perforation or fistula formation, and there were no urethral strictures in boys.
conclusionSmall spherical FBs are clinically rare; they are sometimes difficult to detect by imaging examinations and can be easily overlooked. Minimally invasive endoscopy remains the first-line approach for the diagnosis and removal of genitourinary spherical FBs.
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