Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35031077›Full record

ArticleClinical hypertension2022

A pilot study investigating the relationship between heart rate variability and blood pressure in young adults at risk for cardiovascular disease.

Linda P Bolin, Amelia D Saul, Lauren L Bethune Scroggs, Carolyn Horne

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical hypertension, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07172152 (Improving Minority Health Through Biofeedback and Stress Reduction), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07172152 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Improving Minority Health Through Biofeedback and Stress Reduction

TypeinterventionalSponsorAmelia Saul, PhD, CTRS, BCBRan2025 to 2025Enrolled66ConditionsCardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction, Chronic Stress, Anxiety, Emotional RegulationArmsHRV Biofeedback Training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Linda P BolinCollege of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, United States. bolinl@ecu.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-3459
Amelia D SaulDepartment of Addiction and Rehabilitation Studies, East Carolina University, Greenville, United States.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1409-5971
Lauren L Bethune ScroggsDepartment of Addiction and Rehabilitation Studies, East Carolina University, Greenville, United States.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0354-6864
Carolyn HorneCollege of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, United States.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-370X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death globally with hypertension being a primary cause of premature death from this disease process. Individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease and hypertension are at a greater risk for developing the same sequela. Autonomic cardiac control is important in the level of cardiac function. One intervention that is effective in improving cardiovascular function is heart rate variability biofeedback training. The purpose of our study was to determine the effectiveness of heart rate biofeedback training on HRV and blood pressure in individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease.

methodsThirty-four participants (76.5% female, 22.7 ± 4.3 years) completed a baseline assessment and training using an established short-term HRV protocol followed by two weeks of at-home paced breathing employing a smartphone application. The participants were then reassessed in a biofeedback clinic.

resultsThe participants physiological measures showed a significant increase in means between pre and post intervention of SDNN (t (32) = 2.177, p =.037) and TP, (t (32) = 2.327 p = .026). Correlation noted a medium effect on diastolic blood pressure and high frequency heart rate variability, F, r = .41, n =33, p < .05. A multiple regression with all predictor variables in the model found no significance with diastolic and systolic blood pressure.

conclusionsThe findings from this pilot study demonstrated that a two-week paced breathing intervention may assist in reducing heart rate and diastolic blood pressure while improving heart rate variability.

Indexed as

BiofeedbackBlood pressureBreathing exercisesYoung adult

Identifiers

PMID35031077
PMCPMC8760819

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.