ArticleStem cell reports2022
PAX6-positive microglia evolve locally in hiPSC-derived ocular organoids.
Article in Stem cell reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunoids: Building immunocompetent organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.Cell stem cell · 2026Review
- Modeling Alzheimer's disease with brain organoids: mechanisms, applications, and future directions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Organoid-microglia system for modeling the immune microenvironment of the brain and retina.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neuroectoderm-derived iris muscle characterization at the single-cell resolution in native human iris and a pluripotent stem cell eye model.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Stem cell revolution: bridging the gap between research and clinical application.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- "ArmedFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Microglia in Health and Diseases: Integrative Hubs of the Central Nervous System (CNS).Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2024Review
- Integration of iPSC-Derived Microglia into Brain Organoids for Neurological Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Comprehensive analysis of genetic associations and single-cell expression profiles reveals potential links between migraine and multiple diseases: a phenome-wide association study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Spatio-temporal dynamics enhance cellular diversity, neuronal function and further maturation of human cerebral organoids.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Microglia: The breakthrough to treat neovascularization and repair blood-retinal barrier in retinopathy.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Assessing human iPSC-derived microglia identity and function by immunostaining, phagocytosis, calcium activity, and inflammation assay.STAR protocols · 2022Article
- A systematic characterization of microglia-like cell occurrence during retinal organoid differentiation.iScience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They govern the immunogenicity of the retina, which is considered to be part of the CNS; however, it is not known how microglia develop in the eye. Here, we studied human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) that had been expanded into a self-formed ectodermal autonomous multi-zone (SEAM) of cells that partially mimics human eye development. Our results indicated that microglia-like cells, which have characteristics of yolk-sac-like linage cells, naturally develop in 2D eye-like SEAM organoids, which lack any vascular components. These cells are unique in that they are paired box protein 6 (PAX6)-positive, yet they possess some characteristics of mesoderm. Collectively, the data support the notion of the existence of an isolated, locally developing immune system in the eye, which is independent of the body's vasculature and general immune system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.