Trial reportCell reports. Medicine2021
Insulin expression and C-peptide in type 1 diabetes subjects implanted with stem cell-derived pancreatic endoderm cells in an encapsulation device.
Trial report in Cell reports. Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 176 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
176 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 287 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and trend of stem cell therapy for diabetes: a comprehensive review based on knowledge visualization.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Encapsulated stem cell-derived β cells exert glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes.Nature biotechnology · 2024Trial
- MLPH/RAB3A accelerates the differentiation of pancreatic stem cells to islet β-cells to control blood glucose in diabetic rats.Organogenesis · 2026Article
- Functional analysis of adrenocorticotropic-hormone-producing pituitary cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells in murine and primate models of hypopituitarism.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Sodium tungstate promotes vascularization to support beta cell replacement in diabetes.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Harmine selectively enhances human beta cell identity markers and function via protein kinase A pathways.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Applications of Stem Cell-Derived Islets and Emerging Experimental Platforms to Understand Diabetes.Diabetes · 2026Review
- Stem cell therapies for treatment of diabetes mellitus.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming drives pancreatic β cell neogenesis from α cells.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Stem cell-based therapies for type 1 diabetes: Progress in differentiation, clinical translation, and immune protection.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Miniaturized subcutaneous cellular implants for sustained therapeutic protein delivery in resource-limited settings.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Engineering the oxygen microenvironment for pancreatic islet transplants.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2026Review
- Clinical translational research on stem cell products: prospects and challenges.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Profiling Localized Immunomodulation and Drug Biodistribution within a Subcutaneous Vascularized Niche for Cell Transplantation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Bioengineering Pancreatic Organoids and iPSC-Derived β-Cells for Diabetes: Materials, Devices, and Translational Challenges.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Translational Barriers to AAV and CRISPR Gene Therapy in Diabetes.Saudi medical journal · 2026Review
- Emerging therapies for type 1 diabetes: Immunotherapy and gene editing advances.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Review
- "Islet-on-a-Chip": A Microfluidic System Design for Preservation of Viability and Function of Human Islets of Langerhans - A Systematic Review.Visceral medicine · 2026Article
- Stem cell transplantation in immuno-hematologic and infectious diseases.World journal of transplantation · 2026Review
- Article
116 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
These preliminary data from an ongoing first-in-human phase 1/2, open-label study provide proof-of-concept that pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic endoderm cells (PEC-01) engrafted in type 1 diabetes patients become islet cells releasing insulin in a physiologically regulated fashion. In this study of 17 subjects aged 22-57 with type 1 diabetes, PEC-01 cells were implanted subcutaneously in VC-02 macroencapsulation devices, allowing for direct vascularization of the cells. Engraftment and insulin expression were observed in 63% of VC-02 units explanted from subjects at 3-12 months post-implant. Six of 17 subjects (35.3%) demonstrated positive C-peptide as early as 6 months post-implant. Most reported adverse events were related to surgical implant or explant procedures (27.9%) or to side-effects of immunosuppression (33.7%). Initial data suggest that pluripotent stem cells, which can be propagated to the desired biomass and differentiated into pancreatic islet-like tissue, may offer a scalable, renewable alternative to pancreatic islet transplants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.