Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35027942›Full record

ArticleComputational and mathematical methods in medicine2022

Protective Effect of Rifampicin Loaded by HPMA-PLA Nanopolymer on Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

Guoping Yang, Guofu Wang, Liting Liu, Kaixin Zhai, Xiaowen Chen, Yue Chen, Lixian Wu

RetractedOpen access · hybridAbstract readRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Computational and mathematical methods in medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 52% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Guoping YangDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Molecular Immunology Innovation Team, Dali University, Dali, 671000 Yunnan, China.
Guofu WangDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Molecular Immunology Innovation Team, Dali University, Dali, 671000 Yunnan, China.
Liting LiuDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Molecular Immunology Innovation Team, Dali University, Dali, 671000 Yunnan, China.
Kaixin ZhaiDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Molecular Immunology Innovation Team, Dali University, Dali, 671000 Yunnan, China.
Xiaowen ChenDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Molecular Immunology Innovation Team, Dali University, Dali, 671000 Yunnan, China.
Yue ChenDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Molecular Immunology Innovation Team, Dali University, Dali, 671000 Yunnan, China.
Lixian WuDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Molecular Immunology Innovation Team, Dali University, Dali, 671000 Yunnan, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3615-615X
Innovation Team (China) · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis research was designed to investigate the protective effect of rifampicin (RIF) loaded by N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methylacrylamide- (HPMA-) polylactic acid (PLA) nanopolymer on macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).

methodsWe first induced H37Rv to infect macrophages to build a cell model. Then, the HPMA-PLA nanopolymer loaded with RIF was prepared to treat MTB-infected macrophages. The macrophage activity was tested by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the nitric oxide (NO) in cells was measured through Griess reagent, and the bacterial activity of MTB was observed via the colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. The inflammation-related factors in cells were detected via the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the apoptosis of macrophages was examined via flow cytometry, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins was determined by western blot (WB).

resultsHPMA-PLA had no obvious toxicity to macrophages. The expression of NO and inflammatory factors in macrophages infected with MTB increased significantly, but the apoptosis rate was not significantly different from that of uninfected cells. However, after treatment with HPMA-PLA-RIF or free RIF, the inflammatory reaction of infected cells was inhibited, the expression of NO was decreased, the apoptosis rate was increased, and the bacterial activity in cells was decreased, with statistically significant differences; moreover, HPMA-PLA-RIF was more effective than free RIF.

conclusionsHPMA-PLA-RIF has a high protective effect on macrophages infected with MTB, with high safety. Its protective mechanism is at least partly through inhibiting the production of NO and inflammatory response, which can inhibit bacterial activity and induce cell apoptosis.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsAcrylamidesAnimalsAntibiotics, AntitubercularApoptosisCell LineCell ProliferationComputational BiologyDrug CarriersInterleukin-6MacrophagesMiceMycobacterium tuberculosisNanostructuresNitric OxidePolyestersAcrylamidesAntibiotics, AntitubercularDrug CarriersInterleukin-6interleukin-6, mouseN-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamideNitric OxidePolyesterspoly(lactide)RifampinTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Identifiers

PMID35027942
PMCPMC8752210
OpenAlexW4205374573

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.