Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35027717›Full record

ArticleNature materials2022

The emergence of valency in colloidal crystals through electron equivalents.

Shunzhi Wang, Sangmin Lee, Jingshan S Du, Benjamin E Partridge, Ho Fung Cheng, Wenjie Zhou, Vinayak P Dravid, Byeongdu Lee, Sharon C Glotzer, Chad A Mirkin

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  6. Kinetic pathways of solid-solid phase transitions dictated by short-range interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  8. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Article
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  14. Review
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  16. Catalytic-assembly of programmable atom equivalents.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Shunzhi Wang *Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Sangmin Lee *Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-4708
Jingshan S Du *International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-6699
Benjamin E PartridgeDepartment of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2359-1280
Ho Fung ChengDepartment of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-0912
Wenjie ZhouDepartment of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7626-4032
Vinayak P DravidInternational Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6007-3063
Byeongdu LeeX-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA. blee@anl.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2514-8805
Sharon C GlotzerDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. sglotzer@umich.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7197-0085
Chad A MirkinDepartment of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA. chadnano@northwestern.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6634-7627

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Colloidal crystal engineering of complex, low-symmetry architectures is challenging when isotropic building blocks are assembled. Here we describe an approach to generating such structures based upon programmable atom equivalents (nanoparticles functionalized with many DNA strands) and mobile electron equivalents (small particles functionalized with a low number of DNA strands complementary to the programmable atom equivalents). Under appropriate conditions, the spatial distribution of the electron equivalents breaks the symmetry of isotropic programmable atom equivalents, akin to the anisotropic distribution of valence electrons or coordination sites around a metal atom, leading to a set of well-defined coordination geometries and access to three new low-symmetry crystalline phases. All three phases represent the first examples of colloidal crystals, with two of them having elemental analogues (body-centred tetragonal and high-pressure gallium), while the third (triple double-gyroid structure) has no known natural equivalent. This approach enables the creation of complex, low-symmetry colloidal crystals that might find use in various technologies.

Indexed as

ElectronsNanoparticlesAnisotropyDNAEngineeringDNA

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.