ArticlePLoS biology2022
C-type lectin 4 regulates broad-spectrum melanization-based refractoriness to malaria parasites.
Article in PLoS biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mosquito-based malaria control through genetic, microbial and immunological innovations.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
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- Fluctuating Warm and Humid Conditions Differentially Impact Immunity and Development in the Malaria Vector Anopheles stephensi.Global change biology · 2025Article
- The expanded immunoregulatory protease network in mosquitoes is governed by gene coexpression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Mosquito immune responses to Plasmodium parasites that limit malaria transmission.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- Targeting the mosquito prefoldin-chaperonin complex blocks Plasmodium transmission.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Advances in the dissection of Anopheles-Plasmodium interactions.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Anopheles gambiae phagocytic hemocytes promote Plasmodium falciparum infection by regulating midgut epithelial integrity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification and functional analysis of C-type lectin from mosquito Aedes albopictus in response to dengue virus infection.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Late sporogonic stages ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Late sporogonic stages ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Higher temperature accelerates the aging-dependent weakening of the melanization immune response in mosquitoes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- CLIPB4 is a central node in the protease network that regulates humoral immunity in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Evolution and assembly ofOpen biology · 2023Article
- A C-type lectin in saliva of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) bind and agglutinate microorganisms with broad spectrum.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2023Article
- Article
- Immune gene expression in the mosquito vector Culex quinquefasciatus during an avian malaria infection.Molecular ecology · 2023Article
- CLIPB4 Is a Central Node in the Protease Network that Regulates Humoral Immunity in Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes.Journal of innate immunity · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anopheles gambiae melanization-based refractoriness to the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum has rarely been observed in either laboratory or natural conditions, in contrast to the rodent model malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei that can become completely melanized by a TEP1 complement-like system-dependent mechanism. Multiple studies have shown that the rodent parasite evades this defense by recruiting the C-type lectins CTL4 and CTLMA2, while permissiveness to the human malaria parasite was not affected by partial depletion of these factors by RNAi silencing. Using CRISPR/Cas9-based CTL4 knockout, we show that A. gambiae can mount melanization-based refractoriness to the human malaria parasite, which is independent of the TEP1 complement-like system and the major anti-Plasmodium immune pathway Imd. Our study indicates a hierarchical specificity in the control of Plasmodium melanization and proves CTL4 as an essential host factor for P. falciparum transmission and one of the most potent mosquito-encoded malaria transmission-blocking targets.
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