ArticlePLoS genetics2022
WAPO-A1 is the causal gene of the 7AL QTL for spikelet number per spike in wheat.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. Cited by 51 papers.
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51 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- A TaKNOX1-TaAPO1-Rht1 feedback regulatory module orchestrates spikelet number and yield potential in wheat.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Elucidating the genetic architecture of yield components in pyramidale wheat (Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement · 2026Article
- Post-Translational Control of TaFT1 by WAPO1 Ubiquitination Shapes Spike Architecture and Yield in Wheat.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Two putatively novel loci associated with spike length and their breeding potential in Chinese endemic wheat.BMC genomics · 2026Article
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- Spatial transcriptomics identifies distinct domains regulating yield-component traits of the wheat ear.Science advances · 2026Article
- Identification and Validation of Stable Loci Underlying Productivity-Related Traits in Common Wheat.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Regulation of spikelet number during wheat spike development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Molecular dissection of large-spike trait in wheat revealing stable QTLs and REGULATOR OF GRAIN NUMBER1 as targets for yield improvement.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025Article
- Spatial and single-cell expression analyses reveal complex expression domains in early wheat spike development.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Repeated chip analysis for reducing the effect of genotyping errors on gene mapping for two recombinant inbred line populations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Joint linkage and association analysis identifies genomic regions and candidate genes for yield-related traits in wheat.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025Article
- QTL analysis of spike traits and KASP marker validation for basal sterile spikelet number in wheat.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Historic rewiring of grass flowering time pathways and implications for crop improvement under climate change.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- Identification of robust yield quantitative trait loci derived from cultivated emmer for durum wheat improvement.The plant genome · 2025Article
- Breeding potential of Spanish bread wheat landraces: genetic variability in vernalization and photoperiod sensitivity.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Fine mapping and candidate gene mining of major QTLFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- QTL analysis in the Mianmai 902×Taichang 29 RIL population reveals the genetic basis for the high-yield of wheat cultivars Mianmai 902 in terms of spike and plant architecture.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Natural alleles of LEAFY and WAPO1 interact to regulate spikelet number per spike in wheat.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2024Article
- Identification and characterization of QSFS.sau-MC-5A for sterile florets genetically independent of fertile ones per spike in wheat.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Improving our understanding of the genes regulating grain yield can contribute to the development of more productive wheat varieties. Previously, a highly significant QTL affecting spikelet number per spike (SNS), grain number per spike (GNS) and grain yield was detected on chromosome arm 7AL in multiple genome-wide association studies. Using a high-resolution genetic map, we established that the A-genome homeolog of WHEAT ORTHOLOG OF APO1 (WAPO-A1) was a leading candidate gene for this QTL. Using mutants and transgenic plants, we demonstrate in this study that WAPO-A1 is the causal gene underpinning this QTL. Loss-of-function mutants wapo-A1 and wapo-B1 showed reduced SNS in tetraploid wheat, and the effect was exacerbated in wapo1 combining both mutations. By contrast, spikes of transgenic wheat plants carrying extra copies of WAPO-A1 driven by its native promoter had higher SNS, a more compact spike apical region and a smaller terminal spikelet than the wild type. Taken together, these results indicate that WAPO1 affects SNS by regulating the timing of terminal spikelet formation. Both transgenic and wapo1 mutant plants showed a wide range of floral abnormalities, indicating additional roles of WAPO1 on wheat floral development. Previously, we found three widespread haplotypes in the QTL region (H1, H2 and H3), each associated with particular WAPO-A1 alleles. Results from this and our previous study show that the WAPO-A1 allele in the H1 haplotype (115-bp deletion in the promoter) is expressed at significantly lower levels in the developing spikes than the alleles in the H2 and H3 haplotypes, resulting in reduced SNS. Field experiments also showed that the H2 haplotype is associated with the strongest effects in increasing SNS and GNS (H2>H3>H1). The H2 haplotype is already present in most modern common wheat varieties but is rare in durum wheat, where it might be particularly useful to improve grain yield.
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