Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35024825›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022

Correlates of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine Hesitancy Among People Who Inject Drugs in the San Diego-Tijuana Border Region.

Steffanie A Strathdee, Daniela Abramovitz, Alicia Harvey-Vera, Carlos F Vera, Gudelia Rangel, Irina Artamonova, Thomas L Patterson, Rylie A Mitchell, Angela R Bazzi

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Steffanie A StrathdeeDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7724-691X
Daniela AbramovitzDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Alicia Harvey-VeraDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Carlos F VeraDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Gudelia RangelDepartmento de Estudios de Población, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, Mexico.
Irina ArtamonovaDivision of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Thomas L PattersonDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Rylie A MitchellCenter for Food Safety, Guelph University, Guelph, Canada.
Angela R BazziHerbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
University of California San Diego · USEl Colegio de la Frontera Norte · MXUniversity of Guelph · CAXochicalco University · MX

Funding

UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research InstituteUL1TR001442 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FIRESTEIN, GARY S, HOGARTH, MICHAEL · 2015 to 2024
$88.3M
VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SONIA JAIN · 1994 to 2026
$78.4M
Ethno-epidemiology of HCV, HIV and Overdose associated with Drug Marketsand Drug TourismR01DA049644 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI STRATHDEE, STEFFANIE A. · 2020 to 2024
$8.2M
Preventing HIV infection among people who inject drugs during COVID-19K01DA043412 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BAZZI, ANGELA ROBERTSON · 2017 to 2021
$934k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001442NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA043412NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA049644
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPeople who inject drugs (PWID) are vulnerable to acquiring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We examined correlates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy among PWID in the US-Mexico border region, of whom only 7.6% had received ≥ 1 COVID-19 vaccine dose by September 2021.

methodsBetween October 2020 and September 2021, participants aged ≥ 18 years from San Diego, California, USA, and Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, who injected drugs within the last month completed surveys and SARS-CoV-2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) serologic testing. Logistic regressions with robust standard error estimation via generalized estimating equations identified factors associated with being unsure or unwilling to receive COVID-19 vaccines.

resultsOf 393 participants, 266 (67.7%) were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines and 127 (32.3%) were hesitant (23.4% unwilling and 8.9% unsure). Older participants, those with greater food insecurity, and those with greater concern about acquiring SARS-CoV-2 were more willing to be vaccinated. Higher numbers of chronic health conditions, having access to a smart phone or computer, and citing social media as one's most important source of COVID-19 information were independently associated with vaccine hesitancy. COVID-19-related disinformation was independently associated with vaccine hesitancy (adjusted odds ratio: 1.51 per additional conspiracy theory endorsed; 95% confidence interval: 1.31-1.74).

conclusionsNearly one third of people injecting drugs in the US-Mexico border region were COVID-19 vaccine hesitant, which was significantly associated with exposure to social media, disinformation and co-morbidities and inversely associated with food security and high perceived threat of COVID-19. Interventions that improve accurate knowledge of and trust in COVID-19 vaccines are needed in this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

COVID-19Drug UsersSubstance Abuse, IntravenousCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansMexicoSARS-CoV-2Vaccination HesitancyCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19 vaccinesdisinformationSARS-CoV-2social mediasubstance use

Identifiers

PMID35024825
PMCPMC8690110
OpenAlexW4206083158

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.