ReviewActa pharmaceutica Sinica. B2021
Mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated liver injury.
Review in Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatotoxicity of ICI monotherapy or combination therapy in HCC: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Hepatotoxicity as dose-limiting toxicity of the combination of bosutinib and atezolizumab in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Results of the ZEROLMC study.Annals of hematology · 2024Trial
- Immune-mediated liver injury caused by checkpoint inhibitors: A case series and review of the literature.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2026Article
- Macrophage-CD8medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Hepatic and Pancreatobiliary Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Multidisciplinary Approach.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- TREM1-mediated macrophage activation drives voriconazole-induced hepatic steatosis: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Article
- Systematic review on genetic polymorphisms associated with idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (iDILI): iDILInet as an interactive visualization tool.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics unveils the immunologic landscape of anti-PD-1-associated indirect drug-induced liver injury.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Review
- Risk Factors and Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-mediated Hepatotoxicity: Emerging Insights and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Hepatitis, an Emerging Issue in Precision Cancer Therapy Era: A Narrative Literature Review.Rambam Maimonides medical journal · 2026Review
- Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme E2O Primes Hepatocytes to Restore Immune Tolerance in Autoimmune Hepatitis via Inhibiting Y-Box Binding Protein 1/Interleukin-6 Axis.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Hepatic safety of sintilimab versus pembrolizumab in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective observational cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Real-world incidence of G3-G4 adverse events in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma receiving immune-combinations (ARON-1).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- From mechanisms to practice: risk management and multidisciplinary decision-making for systemic treatment-related liver injury in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- A large-scale concordance study of toxicity findings across preclinical species and humans for small molecules and biologics.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Adverse drug reaction assessment of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in esophageal cancer treatment based on the US FAERS database.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Balancing act: Tapering mycophenolate mofetil in immune checkpoint inhibitor hepatitis-strategies, outcomes, and risks.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Steroid-Refractory Cholestatic Immune-Mediated Hepatitis Following Nivolumab Therapy in an Elderly Patient with Metastatic Melanoma: A Rare and Challenging Presentation.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Identifying high-risk drugs and demographic patterns in drug-induced liver injury from FAERS and CVARD analyses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immune checkpoints, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) are vital contributors to immune regulation and tolerance. Recently immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy; however, they come with the cost of immune related adverse events involving multiple organs such as the liver. Due to its constant exposure to foreign antigens, the liver has evolved a high capacity for immune tolerance, therefore, blockade of the immune checkpoints can result in aberrant immune activation affecting the liver in up to 20% of patients depending on the agent(s) used and underlying factors. This type of hepatotoxicity is termed immune mediated liver injury from checkpoint inhibitors (ILICI) and is more common when CTLA4 and PD-1/PD-L1 are used in combination. The underlying mechanisms of this unique type of hepatotoxicity are not fully understood; however, the contribution of CD8
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.