ReviewExpert review of vaccines2022
Mechanisms of cellular and humoral immunity through the lens of VLP-based vaccines.
Review in Expert review of vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Virus-Like-Particle-Based Conjugate Vaccine Targeting the Microtubule Binding Region of Tau Protein.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Virus-like particles in cancer immunotherapy: bridging human and veterinary medicine through one health.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Identification of efficient multi-epitope combinations against African swine fever virus based on AP205 scaffold-mediated nanodisplay technology.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- A Biomimetic Self-Adjuvanting Glycoprotein Vaccine Platform Elicits Potent Antitumor Immunity against GD2-Positive Cancers.JACS Au · 2026Article
- Surface-bioengineering of bacteriophage AP205 and MS2 virus-like particles with novel Spytag003 for antigen conjugation.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- HACC-TNF-α-VLP Nanoparticles Facilitate HSP90-Dependent Antigen Cross-Presentation to Enhance CD8⁺ T Cell and Mucosal Immunity Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- The Use of Virus-like Particles as Immunogens to Treat Infectious Diseases.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Influenza A hemagglutinin virus-like particles confer protection against influenza B virus infection.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Animal models for enterovirus 71: Mechanisms, immunity, and applications.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Influenza virus-like particles presentingNanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Nasal and Ocular Immunization with Bacteriophage Virus-like Particle Vaccines Elicits Distinct Systemic and Mucosal Antibody Profiles.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particle vaccine incorporating dominant T and B cell epitopes: enhanced immune response in piglets with CD154 molecules.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Unlocking cancer vaccine potential: What are the key factors?Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Reproducibility Assessment of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays to Detect Anti-HPV16 L1-Specific IgG1, IgG3, IgA, and IgM Antibodies.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Design of Novel Vaccines Based on Virus-Like Particles.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Generation of Antibodies Selectively Recognizing Epitopes in a Formaldehyde-Fixed Cell-Surface Antigen Using Virus-like Particle Display and Hybridoma Technology.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionVaccination can be effective defense against many infectious agents and the corresponding diseases. Discoveries elucidating the mechanisms of the immune system have given hopes to developing vaccines against diseases recalcitrant to current treatment/prevention strategies. One such finding is the ability of immunogenic biological nanoparticles to powerfully boost the immunogenicity of poorer antigens conjugated to them with virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines as a key example. VLPs take advantage of the well-defined molecular structures associated with sub-unit vaccines and the immunostimulatory nature of conjugate vaccines. AREAS COVERED: In this review, we will discuss how advances in understanding the immune system can inform VLP-based vaccine design and how VLP-based vaccines have uncovered underlying mechanisms in the immune system. EXPERT OPINION: As our understanding of mechanisms underlying the immune system increases, that knowledge should inform our vaccine design. Testing of proof-of-concept vaccines in the lab should seek to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of immune responses. The integration of these approaches will allow for VLP-based vaccines to live up to their promise as a powerful plug-and-play platform for next-generation vaccine development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.