ArticlePsychopharmacology2022
Involvement of oxidative pathways and BDNF in the antidepressant effect of carvedilol in a depression model induced by chronic unpredictable stress.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Xenobiotic Exposure to Neuroinflammation: Mechanisms Linking Lipopolysaccharide Signaling to Depressive-like Behavior.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Review
- Behavioral, antioxidant, and kynurenine pathway modulation of a specific strain of Ligilactobacillus salivarius in a preclinical model of depression.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Estrogenic Effect of Probiotics on Anxiety and Depression: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Gut Microbiota Metabolite Butyrate Modulates Acute Stress-Induced Ferroptosis in the Prefrontal Cortex via the Gut-Brain Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- D-cycloserine effects on COPD and depression in a murine experimental model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress in Depression: The Link with the Stress Response, Neuroinflammation, Serotonin, Neurogenesis and Synaptic Plasticity.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Neurobiological Links between Stress, Brain Injury, and Disease.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleDepression is a severe psychiatric disorder with oxidative imbalance and neurotrophic deficits as underlying mechanisms.
objectivesBased on the antioxidant effects of carvedilol (CARV), here, we aimed to evaluate CARV's effects against depression induced by the chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model.
methodsFemale Swiss mice were submitted to the CUS protocol for 21 days. Between days 15 and 22, the animals received CARV (5 or 10 mg/kg) or desvenlafaxine (DVS 10 mg/kg) orally. On the 22nd day, mice were subjected to behavioral tests to evaluate locomotion, depressive-like behavior (tail suspension test), motivation/self-care with the splash test (ST), social interaction, and working memory Y-maze test. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus were dissected to evaluate alterations of oxidative and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
resultsThe CUS model reduced locomotion and increased grooming latency, while it reduced the number of groomings in the ST. Both doses of CARV and DVS reverted these alterations. In addition, DVS and CARV reversed CUS model-induced working memory and social interaction deficits. The CUS model decreased hippocampal reduced glutathione (GSH), while DVS and CARV increased GSH in the PFC (CARV5) and hippocampus (CARV5 and 10). The CUS model increased nitrite and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in both areas. All treatments reversed nitrite alterations, while CARV10 changed MDA levels in PFC and all treatments in the hippocampus. The CUS model reduced BDNF levels. CARV10 increased BDNF in the PFC, while both doses of CARV increased hippocampal levels of this neurotrophin.
conclusionsCARV presents antidepressant-like effects comparable to those observed with DVS. In addition, it has an antioxidant effect and is capable of increasing BDNF brain concentrations. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the antidepressant effect of CARV.
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