ReviewOncogene2022
Viral and cellular oncogenes promote immune evasion.
Review in Oncogene, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The ubiquitin-proteasome system is an important driver of EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression: a meta-analysis of transcriptomic data.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Virus infections and cancers: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Role of soluble human leukocyte antigen-G in virus-associated cancers: A focused minireview.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- Adapting CAR-T and CAR-Treg cancer therapies for autoimmunity: innovations and challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Is the vIL-10 Protein from Cytomegalovirus Associated with the Potential Development of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?Viruses · 2025Review
- Within- and between-host evolutionary effects on viral oncogenicity.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Clinical and biochemical characterization of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive patients with or withoutFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Prediction of viral oncoproteins through the combination of generative adversarial networks and machine learning techniques.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Gene therapy for polygenic or complex diseases.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Are There More Human Cancer Viruses Left to Be Found?Annual review of virology · 2024Review
- Are Viruses Taxonomic Units? A Protein Domain and Loop-Centric Phylogenomic Assessment.Viruses · 2024Review
- Editorial: Inflammatory tumor microenvironment: role of cytokines and virokines in breast cancer progression and metastasis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Tumor-Reactive CD8+ T Cells Enter a TCF1+PD-1- Dysfunctional State.Cancer immunology research · 2023Article
- VirusHound-I: prediction of viral proteins involved in the evasion of host adaptive immune response using the random forest algorithm and generative adversarial network for data augmentation.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Article
- p53 engages the cGAS/STING cytosolic DNA sensing pathway for tumor suppression.Molecular cell · 2023Article
- Immune evasion strategies of bovine viral diarrhea virus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine for enhancing the effect of tumor immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Thirteen percent of cancers worldwide are associated with viral infections. While many human oncogenic viruses are widely endemic, very few infected individuals develop cancer. This raises the question why oncogenic viruses encode viral oncogenes if they can replicate and spread between human hosts without causing cancer. Interestingly, viral infection triggers innate immune signaling pathways that in turn activate tumor suppressors such as p53, suggesting that tumor suppressors may have evolved not primarily to prevent cancer, but to thwart viral infection. Here, we summarize and compare several major immune evasion strategies used by viral and non-viral cancers, with a focus on oncogenes that play dual roles in promoting tumorigenicity and immune evasion. By highlighting important and illustrative examples of how oncogenic viruses evade the immune system, we aim to shed light on how non-viral cancers avoid immune detection. Further study and understanding of how viral and non-viral oncogenes impact immune function could lead to improved strategies to combine molecular therapies targeting oncoproteins in combination with immunomodulators.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.