ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2022
MIND diet and the risk of dementia: a population-based study.
Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06444568 (Efficacy of Modified Ketogenic Diet in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairments), which is not on this map. Cited by 52 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Modified Ketogenic Diet in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairments
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-inflammatory dietary patterns and cognitive aging in older adults: a scoping review of mechanistic, clinical, and nursing implications.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- The association between the MIND diet and cognitive health in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Pooled it
- The role of the Mediterranean diet in reducing the risk of cognitive impairement, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2025Pooled it
- Dietary Intake, Mediterranean and Nordic Diet Adherence in Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Association of high consumption of soy products with the risk of cognitive impairment and major neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Association between Mediterranean diet and dementia and Alzheimer disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Pooled it
- The Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet for the Aging Brain: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- Association of the Mediterranean Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet With the Risk of Dementia.JAMA psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Whole Dietary Patterns, Cognitive Decline and Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Prospective and Intervention Studies.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Dietary preference, biological aging, and incident dementia: a prospective cohort study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Dietary Patterns, Micronutrient Adequacy, and Metabolic Vulnerability in Alzheimer's Disease: A Critical Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Interaction of diet and physical activity on dementia risk: the Rotterdam study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
- Association between dietary patterns and CAIDE-predicted dementia risk: A 20-year cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Plasma Beta-Amyloid and Metabolic Biomarkers: Age- and Sex-Stratified Analyses Suggest Limited Population-Level Associations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Ferroptotic neurodegeneration and diet: a narrative review.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Onset of cognitive impairment, diet quality and adherence to dietary guidelines over 12 years: the Personality and Total Health Cohort Study.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Associations of chinese-modified MIND diet with low muscle mass and physical performance among old adults in china: findings from the CLHLS 2018 national survey.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Article
- High- and Low-Fat Dairy Consumption and Long-Term Risk of Dementia: Evidence From a 25-Year Prospective Cohort Study.Neurology · 2026Article
- Dietary index for gut microbiota (DI-GM) and cognitive function: NHANES findings and validation in a Hong Kong cohort with metagenomic data.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdherence to the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet has been linked to a decreased risk of dementia, but reverse causality and residual confounding by lifestyle may partly account for this link. We aimed to address these issues by studying the associations over cumulative time periods, which may provide insight into possible reverse causality, and by using both historical and more contemporary dietary data as this could give insight into confounding since historical data may be less affected by lifestyle factors.
methodsIn the population-based Rotterdam Study, dietary intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires in 5375 participants between 1989 and 1993 (baseline I) and in a largely non-overlapping sample in 2861 participants between 2009 and 2013 (baseline II). We calculated the MIND diet score and studied its association with the risk of all-cause dementia, using Cox models. Incident all-cause dementia was recorded until 2018.
resultsDuring a mean follow-up of 15.6 years from baseline I, 1188 participants developed dementia. A higher MIND diet score at baseline I was associated with a lower risk of dementia over the first 7 years of follow-up (hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] per standard deviation (SD) increase, 0.85 [0.74, 0.98]), but associations disappeared over longer follow-up intervals. The mean follow-up from baseline II was 5.9 years during which 248 participants developed dementia. A higher MIND diet score at baseline II was associated with a lower risk of dementia over every follow-up interval, but associations slightly attenuated over time (HR [95% CI] for 7 years follow-up per SD increase, 0.76 [0.66, 0.87]). The MIND diet score at baseline II was more strongly associated with the risk of dementia than the MIND diet score at baseline I.
conclusionBetter adherence to the MIND diet is associated with a decreased risk of dementia within the first years of follow-up, but this may in part be explained by reverse causality and residual confounding by lifestyle. Further research is needed to unravel to which extent the MIND diet may affect the risk of dementia.
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