ArticleBMC public health2022
Spatial inequalities in skilled birth attendance in India: a spatial-regional model approach.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Exploring spatial clusters of caesarean sections across India - Insights from National Family Health Survey data.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Measuring spatial inequalities in maternal and child mortalities in Pakistan: evidence from geographically weighted regression.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association of Child Growth Failure Indicators With Household Sanitation Practices in India (1998-2021): Spatiotemporal Observational Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Observational
- Inequality in time to first antenatal care visits and its predictors among pregnant women in India: an evidence from national family health survey.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Southern Ethiopian skilled birth attendant variations and maternal mortality: A multilevel study of a population-based cross-sectional household survey.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- District-level heterogeneity in overweight or obesity among women of reproductive age: A geo-spatial analysis in India.PloS one · 2023Article
- District Level Geospatial Analysis of Utilization of ICDS Services Among Children in India.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDespite a significant increase in the skilled birth assisted (SBA) deliveries in India, there are huge gaps in availing maternity care services across social gradients - particularly across states and regions. Therefore, this study applies the spatial-regression model to examine the spatial distribution of SBA across districts of India. Furthermore, the study tries to understand the spatially associated population characteristics that influence the low coverage of SBA across districts of India and its regions.
methodsThe study used national representative cross-sectional survey data obtained from the fourth round of National Family Health Survey, conducted in 2015-16. The effective sample size was 259,469 for the analysis. Moran's I statistics and bivariate Local Indicator for Spatial Association maps were used to understand spatial dependence and clustering of deliveries conducted by SBA coverage in districts of India. Ordinary least square, spatial lag and spatial error models were used to examine the correlates of deliveries conducted by SBA.
resultsMoran's I value for SBA among women was 0.54, which represents a high spatial auto-correlation of deliveries conducted by SBA over 640 districts of India. There were 145 hotspots for deliveries conducted by SBA among women in India, which includes almost the entire southern part of India. The spatial error model revealed that with a 10% increase in exposure to mass media in a particular district, the deliveries conducted by SBA increased significantly by 2.5%. Interestingly, also with the 10% increase in the four or more antenatal care (ANC) in a particular district, the deliveries conducted by SBA increased significantly by 2.5%. Again, if there was a 10% increase of women with first birth order in a particular district, then the deliveries conducted by SBA significantly increased by 6.1%. If the district experienced an increase of 10% household as female-headed, then the deliveries conducted by SBA significantly increased by 1.4%.
conclusionThe present study highlights the important role of ANC visits, mass media exposure, education, female household headship that augment the use of an SBA for delivery. Attention should be given in promoting regular ANC visits and strengthening women's education.
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