ArticleVirus research2022
Emergence of a recurrent insertion in the N-terminal domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.
Article in Virus research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thermally Triggered Double Emulsion-Integrated Hydrogel Microparticles for Multiplexed Molecular Diagnostics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Trial
- NIEAs elicited by wild-type SARS-CoV-2 primary infection fail to enhance the infectivity of Omicron variants.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Emergence of the B.1.214.2 SARS-CoV-2 lineage with an Omicron-like spike insertion and a unique upper airway immune signature.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Characteristics and Functions of Infection-enhancing Antibodies to the N-terminal Domain of SARS-CoV-2.Pathogens & immunity · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 evolution in the Omicron era.Nature microbiology · 2023Review
- Identifying featured indels associated with SARS-CoV-2 fitness.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Article
- Rise of the BQ.1.1.37 SARS-CoV-2 Sublineage, Italy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Detection of the Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Lineage and Its BA.1 Variant with Multiplex RT-qPCR.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Efficient Tracing of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants in Santa Barbara County Using a Rapid Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR Assay.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular aspects of Omicron, vaccine development, and recombinant strain XE: A review.Journal of medical virology · 2022Review
- On the Origins of Omicron's Unique Spike Gene Insertion.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Bimodal antibody-titer decline following BNT162b2 mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in healthcare workers of the INT - IRCCS "Fondazione Pascale" Cancer Center (Naples, Italy).Infectious agents and cancer · 2022Article
- Assessment of neutralizing antibody responses after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in congolese individuals.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 B.1.214.1, B.1.214.2 and B.1.620 are predominant lineages between December 2020 and July 2021 in the Republic of Congo.IJID regions · 2022Article
- Putative host-derived insertions in the genomes of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Update on SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant of Concern and Its Peculiar Mutational Profile.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Development and evaluation of an RT-qPCR for the identification of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2022Article
- Increased Frequency of Indels in Hypervariable Regions of SARS-CoV-2 Proteins-A Possible Signature of Adaptive Selection.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tracking the evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through genomic surveillance programs is undoubtedly one of the key priorities in the current pandemic situation. Although the genome of SARS-CoV-2 acquires mutations at a slower rate compared with other RNA viruses, evolutionary pressures derived from the widespread circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the human population have progressively favored the global emergence, though natural selection, of several variants of concern that carry multiple non-synonymous mutations in the spike glycoprotein. These are often placed in key sites within major antibody epitopes and may therefore confer resistance to neutralizing antibodies, leading to partial immune escape, or otherwise compensate infectivity deficits associated with other non-synonymous substitutions. As previously shown by other authors, several emerging variants carry recurrent deletion regions (RDRs) that display a partial overlap with antibody epitopes located in the spike N-terminal domain (NTD). Comparatively, very little attention had been directed towards spike insertion mutations prior to the emergence of the B.1.1.529 (omicron) lineage. This manuscript describes a single recurrent insertion region (RIR1) in the N-terminal domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, characterized by at least 49 independent acquisitions of 1-8 additional codons between Val213 and Leu216 in different viral lineages. Even though RIR1 is unlikely to confer antibody escape, its association with two distinct formerly widespread lineages (A.2.5 and B.1.214.2), with the quickly spreading omicron and with other VOCs and VOIs warrants further investigation concerning its effects on spike structure and viral infectivity.
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Registered trials
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