Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35020875›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2021

Hybridization chain reaction enables a unified approach to multiplexed, quantitative, high-resolution immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.

Maayan Schwarzkopf, Mike C Liu, Samuel J Schulte, Rachel Ives, Naeem Husain, Harry M T Choi, Niles A Pierce

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Ultrasensitive Enzyme-Free Detection of Proteins on Magnetic Beads.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
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  15. TRIM21 is a molecular rheostat for influenza A virus replication.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Maayan SchwarzkopfDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8128-1059
Mike C LiuMolecular Instruments, Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2539-3459
Samuel J SchulteDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9982-6504
Rachel IvesMolecular Instruments, Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8221-5133
Naeem HusainDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4962-7237
Harry M T ChoiMolecular Instruments, Los Angeles, CA 90041, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1530-0773
Niles A PierceDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2367-4406
California Institute of Technology · US

Funding

UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training ProgramT32GM008042 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI AJIJOLA, OLUJIMI A, DAWSON, DAVID WAYNE · 1985 to 2023
$29.9M
Hybridization Chain Reaction: In Situ Amplification for Biological ImagingR01EB006192 · NIBIB · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI PIERCE, NILES A · 2005 to 2022
$5.2M
Hybridization Chain Reaction: Highly Multiplexed Quantitative RNA and Protein ImagingR44GM140796 · NIGMS · MOLECULAR INSTRUMENTS, INC. · PI CHOI, HARRY MING TAK · 2021 to 2023
$1.1M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB006192NIGMS NIH HHS R44 GM140796NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008042
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

RNA in situ hybridization based on the mechanism of the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) enables multiplexed, quantitative, high-resolution RNA imaging in highly autofluorescent samples, including whole-mount vertebrate embryos, thick brain slices and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Here, we extend the benefits of one-step, multiplexed, quantitative, isothermal, enzyme-free HCR signal amplification to immunohistochemistry, enabling accurate and precise protein relative quantitation with subcellular resolution in an anatomical context. Moreover, we provide a unified framework for simultaneous quantitative protein and RNA imaging with one-step HCR signal amplification performed for all target proteins and RNAs simultaneously.

Indexed as

Diagnostic ImagingImmunohistochemistryNucleic Acid HybridizationAnimalsEmbryo, MammalianEmbryo, NonmammalianHumansIn Situ HybridizationIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceRNA, MessengerZebrafishRNA, MessengerFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) mouse brain and human breast tissue sectionsImmunofluorescence (IF)qHCR imagingRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH)Whole-mount zebrafish embryos

Identifiers

PMID35020875
PMCPMC8645210
OpenAlexW3214624009

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.