ArticlePloS one2022
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Prognostic indicators of advanced disease.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Presentation and Management Outcomes of Pancreatic Cancer in African Countries: A Scoping Review.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic and senescence-inducing effects of BLU554 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an in vitro study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Dissecting lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network in type 2 diabetes as the risk factor of pancreatic cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pancreatic Cancer with Liver Oligometastases-Different Patterns of Disease Progression May Suggest Benefits of Surgical Resection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Based on the immune system: the role of the IL-2 family in pancreatic disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Perioperative Platelet Count Ratio Predicts Long-Term Survival after Left Pancreatectomy and Splenectomy for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Galectin-1 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Bridging Tumor Biology, Immune Evasion, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tumor Stroma Area and Other Prognostic Factors in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Patients Submitted to Surgery.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy associated with high metastatic risk. Prognosis remains poor even after resection. Previously our group identified biomarkers that improved diagnostic accuracy in PDAC beyond the established diagnostic tumour marker, CA19-9. Risk factors, symptoms and circulating biomarkers associated with a PDAC diagnosis may differ from those that alter disease progression and metastasis. This study aimed at assessing the risk factors, presenting symptoms and potential prognostic biomarkers in PDAC and determine their relationship with PDAC stage and/or metastatic status.
methodsSeventy-two PDAC patients with imaging available for TNM staging at presentation were enrolled following informed consent. Demographic and clinical data were captured. Blood was collected and 38 cytokines/angiogenic factors measured. Nonparametric association tests, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed using STATA version 14.2. A p-value≤0.05 was considered significant and odds ratios reported for effect size.
resultsMost risk factors and symptoms did not differ across the stages of cancer. Although male gender and smoking are risk factors for PDAC, the majority of study patients with metastatic PDAC were non-smoking females. In addition to CA19-9, the platelet count (p<0.01), IL-15 (p = 0.02) and GM-CSF (p<0.01) were significant, independent negative predictors of metastatic PDAC. Moreover, using specific cut-off values in a combined panel, the odds in a patient with all three biomarker levels below the cut-offs is 21 times more likely to have metastatic PDAC (p<0.0001).
conclusionsPlatelet count, IL-15 and GM-CSF are potential prognostic indicators of metastatic disease in PDAC patients from our local South African population.
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