ArticlePloS one
Incidence and predictors of anemia among adults on HIV care at South Gondar Zone Public General Hospital Northwest Ethiopia, 2020; retrospective cohort study.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and correlates of chronic anemia in people living with HIV Initiating ART: An exploratory five-year retrospective cohort of patients retained in care.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Survival analysis and predictors for hemoglobin level and time-to-default from HIV treatment among first-line female HIV-positive patients within the reproductive age group.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Causes and Consequences of Persistent Anemia after 6 Months of Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania: An Observational Comparative Cohort Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Observational
- Prevalence and predictors of anemia among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia: findings from the Ethiopian demographic and health survey.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Cytopenia and its Correlation with Immunosuppression in Naïve HIV-1 Infected Patients Initiating First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy: A Pilot Study.Infection & chemotherapy · 2023Article
- The burden of anemia among Chinese HIV-infected patients following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in the treat-all era: a nationwide cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Prediction of the risk of cytopenia in hospitalized HIV/AIDS patients using machine learning methods based on electronic medical records.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
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11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundAnemia is a major public health problem worldwide which accounts 24.8% of the population. Subsequently, anemia is a leading killer of people living with human immunodeficiency virus and many of these deaths occur in developing countries including Ethiopia. Cross sectional studies have done on anemia and human immunodeficiency virus. However, there is limited study on incidence of anemia and its predictors among adults on HIV care, especially no survival study has been conducted in the study area.
objectiveTo assess incidence and predictors of anemia among adults on Human immunodeficiency virus care.
methodsAn institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 434 adults on HIV care from January 1st 2015 to December 30th 2019 at Debre Tabor Referral Hospital. A computer-generated simple random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Bahir Dar University, and also, we got implied consent to review charts from the concerned bodies in the hospital. Data were entered using Epi-data version 3.1 and analyzed by using STATA version 14.0. A Kaplan Meier survival curve was utilized to estimate anemia free survival time. Bivariable and Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model were fitted to identify predictors of anemia.
resultsThe overall incidence density rate of anemia was 6.27 (95% CI: 0.051, 0.077) per 100 person years. Clinical stage III/IV (AHR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.06), Body Mass Index less than 18.5 kg/m2 (AHR = 3.11; 95% CI = 1.56, 6.22), serum creatinine greater than 1.1 IU/L(AHR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.12, 3.81) and fair/poor level of adherence(AHR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.07) were statistically significant predictors of anemia while increased anti-retroviral treatment duration (AHR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97, 0.99) decrease the risk of anemia at 95% confidence level.
conclusionThe overall incidence density rate of anemia was high. Patients with clinical stage III/IV, body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2, serum creatinine greater than 1.1 IU/L and fair/poor level of adherence were significant predictors of anemia while increased antiretroviral treatment duration had decreased the risk of anemia. RECOMMENDATION: Even if the overall incidence rate of anemia was lower as compared to previous studies in Ethiopia, still the incidence of anemia was high. So, prevention measures should be taken beside with HIV care especially within 6-months ART initiation.
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