Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35020589›Full record

SynthesisClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2022

Immunological and clinical efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations: a systematic review.

Simon Galmiche, Liem Binh Luong Nguyen, Eric Tartour, Xavier de Lamballerie, Linda Wittkop, Paul Loubet, Odile Launay

Open access · bronzeAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
123citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
11.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

123 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 210 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. SARS-CoV-2-neutralising monoclonal antibodies to prevent COVID-19.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
    Pooled it
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63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Simon GalmicheAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), CIC Cochin Pasteur, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
Liem Binh Luong NguyenAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), CIC Cochin Pasteur, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
Eric TartourAP-HP, Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
Xavier de LamballerieAix Marseille Université, IRD 190, INSERM 1207, Unité des Virus Emergents, UVE, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
Linda WittkopInstitut de Santé Publique d'Epidémiologie et de Développement, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Epidémiologie Clinique 1401, University of Bordeaux, Service d'Information Médicale, CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de Santé Publique, Bordeaux, France.
Paul LoubetINSERM U1047, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU Nîmes, Université Montpellier, Nîmes, France.
Odile LaunayUniversité de Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, AP-PH, Inserm, CIC Cochin Pasteur, Paris, France. Electronic address: odile.launay@aphp.fr.
Hôpital Cochin · FRAssistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris · FRCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes · FRMéditerranée Infection Foundation · FRUniversité de Bordeaux · FR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAvailable data show that COVID-19 vaccines may be less effective in immunocompromised populations, who are at increased risk of severe COVID-19.

objectivesWe conducted a systematic review of literature to assess immunogenicity, efficacy and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations. DATA SOURCES: We searched Medline and Embase databases. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PATIENTS,

interventionsWe included studies of COVID-19 vaccines after complete vaccination in immunocompromised patients until 31 August 2021. Studies with <10 patients, safety data only and case series of breakthrough infections were excluded.

methodsRisk of bias was assessed via the tool developed by the National Institutes of Health on interventional and observational studies. Immunogenicity was assessed through non-response rate defined as no anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies, efficacy and effectiveness by the relative reduction in risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19. We collected factors associated with the risk of non-response. We presented collected data by immunosuppression type.

resultsWe screened 5917 results, included 162 studies. There were 157 on immunogenicity in 25 209 participants, including 7835 cancer or haematological malignancy patients (31.1%), 6302 patients on dialysis (25.0%), 5974 solid organ transplant recipients (23.7%) and 4680 immune-mediated disease patients (18.6%). Proportion of non-responders seemed higher among solid organ transplant recipients (range 18-100%) and patients with haematological malignancy (range 14-61%), and lower in patients with cancer (range 2-36%) and patients on dialysis (range 2-30%). Risk factors for non-response included older age, use of corticosteroids, immunosuppressive or anti-CD20 agent. Ten studies evaluated immunogenicity of an additional dose. Five studies evaluated vaccine efficacy or effectiveness: three on SARS-CoV-2 infection (range 71-81%), one on COVID-19-related hospitalization (62.9%), one had a too small sample size.

conclusionsThis systematic review highlights the risk of low immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised populations, especially solid organ transplant recipients and patients with haematological malignancy. Despite lack of vaccine effectiveness data, enhanced vaccine regimens may be necessary.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesAgedAntibodies, ViralHumansImmunocompromised HostRenal DialysisSARS-CoV-2Treatment OutcomeVaccine EfficacyAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesCancerCOVID-19DialysisEffectivenessEfficacyImmunogenicitySARS-CoV-2 immunocompromisedSolid organ transplantVaccine

Identifiers

PMID35020589
PMCPMC8595936
OpenAlexW3212101057

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.