ArticleNucleic acids research2022
Identification, functional characterization, assembly and structure of ToxIN type III toxin-antitoxin complex from E. coli.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular identification of toxin-antitoxin system genes and their relationship with biofilm formation among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli obtained from hospitalized and outpatients in educational hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2026Article
- Functional Coupling and Evolutionary Relationships Between Toxin-Antitoxin Systems and CRISPR-Cas Systems.Toxins · 2025Review
- Deciphering the RNA-based regulation mechanism of the phage-encoded AbiF system in Clostridioides difficile.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Bioinformatic exploration reveals features of tenpIN family of type III toxin-antitoxin systems in bacteria and viruses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bacterial programmed cell death and toxin-antitoxin system in bacteria.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Using nucleolytic toxins as restriction enzymes enables new RNA applications.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Large-scale Purification of Type III Toxin-antitoxin Ribonucleoprotein Complex and its Components fromBio-protocol · 2023Article
- Applications of toxin-antitoxin systems in synthetic biology.Engineering microbiology · 2023Review
- Review
- Unveil the Secret of the Bacteria and Phage Arms Race.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are proposed to play crucial roles in bacterial growth under stress conditions such as phage infection. The type III TA systems consist of a protein toxin whose activity is inhibited by a noncoding RNA antitoxin. The toxin is an endoribonuclease, while the antitoxin consists of multiple repeats of RNA. The toxin assembles with the individual antitoxin repeats into a cyclic complex in which the antitoxin forms a pseudoknot structure. While structure and functions of some type III TA systems are characterized, the complex assembly process is not well understood. Using bioinformatics analysis, we have identified type III TA systems belonging to the ToxIN family across different Escherichia coli strains and found them to be clustered into at least five distinct clusters. Furthermore, we report a 2.097 Å resolution crystal structure of the first E. coli ToxIN complex that revealed the overall assembly of the protein-RNA complex. Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments showed that toxin forms a high-affinity complex with antitoxin RNA resulting from two independent (5' and 3' sides of RNA) RNA binding sites on the protein. These results further our understanding of the assembly of type III TA complexes in bacteria.
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