Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35017848›Full record

ReviewVeterinary world2021

Nociceptive pain and anxiety in equines: Physiological and behavioral alterations.

I Hernández-Avalos, D Mota-Rojas, J E Mendoza-Flores, A Casas-Alvarado, K Flores-Padilla, A E Miranda-Cortes, F Torres-Bernal, J Gómez-Prado, P Mora-Medina

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Veterinary world, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
9.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  13. Human animal relationships inFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024
    Review
  14. Article
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  17. Review
  18. Slaughtering of Water Buffalo (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

I Hernández-AvalosDepartment of Biological Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Veterinary Anesthesia, Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlán FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, State of Mexico 54714, Mexico.
D Mota-RojasNeurophysiology of Pain, Behavior and Assessment of Welfare in Domestic Animals, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
J E Mendoza-FloresEquine Hospital Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlán FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, State of Mexico 54714, Mexico.
A Casas-AlvaradoNeurophysiology of Pain, Behavior and Assessment of Welfare in Domestic Animals, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
K Flores-PadillaNeurophysiology of Pain, Behavior and Assessment of Welfare in Domestic Animals, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
A E Miranda-CortesDepartment of Biological Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Veterinary Anesthesia, Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlán FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, State of Mexico 54714, Mexico.
F Torres-BernalNeurophysiology of Pain, Behavior and Assessment of Welfare in Domestic Animals, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
J Gómez-PradoNeurophysiology of Pain, Behavior and Assessment of Welfare in Domestic Animals, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
P Mora-MedinaDepartment of Livestock Sciences, Animal Welfare, FESC, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, State of Mexico 54714, Mexico.
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana · MXUniversidad de Cuautitlán Izcalli · MXAdvanced Neural Dynamics (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pain and anxiety are two of the most important concerns in clinical veterinary medicine because they arise as consequences of multiple factors that can severely affect animal welfare. The aim of the present review was to provide a description and interpretation of the physiological and behavioral alterations associated with pain and anxiety in equines. To this end, we conducted an extensive review of diverse sources on the topic. The article begins by describing the neurophysiological pathway of pain, followed by a discussion of the importance of the limbic system in responses to pain and anxiety, since prolonged exposure to situations that cause stress and pain generates such physiological changes as tachycardia, tachypnea, hypertension, hyperthermia, and heart rate variability (HRV), often accompanied by altered emotional states, deficient rest, and even aggressiveness. In the long term, animals may show deficiencies in their ability to deal with changes in the environment due to alterations in the functioning of their immune, nervous, and endocrinologic systems. In conclusion, pain and anxiety directly impact the homeostasis of organisms, so it is necessary to conduct objective evaluations of both sensations using behavioral scales, like the horse grimace scale, complemented by assessments of blood biomarkers to analyze their correlation with physiological parameters: Heart rate, respiratory rate, HRV, theparasympathetic tone activity index, lactate and glucose levels, and temperature. Additional tools - infrared thermography, for example - can also be used in these efforts to improve the quality of life and welfare of horses.

Indexed as

anxietyequinesnociceptionpainwelfare

Identifiers

PMID35017848
PMCPMC8743789
OpenAlexW3215730800

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.