Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35016637›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2022

Anti-PD-1 combined sorafenib versus anti-PD-1 alone in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular cell carcinoma: a propensity score-matching study.

San-Chi Chen, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Ming-Huang Chen, Yi-Ping Hung, Rheun-Chuan Lee, Yu-Yun Shao, Yee Chao

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

San-Chi ChenInstitute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yi-Hsiang HuangInstitute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ming-Huang ChenInstitute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yi-Ping HungInstitute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Rheun-Chuan LeeDepartment of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yu-Yun ShaoDepartment of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yee ChaoInstitute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. ychao@vghtpe.gov.tw.
Taipei Veterans General Hospital · TWNational Taiwan University · TWNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a role in the tumor microenvironment. Sorafenib, which inhibits the VEGF pathway, has an immune-modulation function but lacks substantial clinical data. This study aims to explore the efficacy of anti-PD-1 combined sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

methodsHCC patients who underwent anti-PD-1 treatment at Taipei Veterans General Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) between January 2016 and February 2019 were reviewed. The efficacy was compared between groups after propensity-score matching.

resultsThere were 173 HCC patients receiving anti-PD-1. After excluding unsuitable cases, 140 patients were analyzed, of which 58 received combination therapy and 82 received anti-PD-1 alone. The combination therapy had a trend of higher CR rate (8.6% vs. 4.9%, ns.), ORR (22.4% vs. 19.5%, ns.) and significantly higher DCR (69.0% vs. 37.8%, p < 0.05) comparing to anti-PD-1 alone. After matching, combination group achieved longer progression-free survival (3.87 vs. 2.43 months, p < 0.05) and overall survival (not reached vs. 7.17 months, p < 0.05) than anti-PD-1 alone, without higher grade 3/4 AE (10.3% vs. 7.1%, p = 0.73). The tumor response varied among different metastatic sites, with high responses in adrenal glands, peritoneum and lungs. The more AFP declined (> 10, > 50 and > 66%), the higher the ORR (70, 80 and 92%) and CR rates (30, 35 and 58%) were achieved at day 28.

conclusionsThis is the first study to demonstrate the combination of anti-PD-1 and sorafenib had better efficacy and survival benefit. A prospective randomized study is needed to confirm this finding.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularLiver NeoplasmsAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic AgentsDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsMaleMiddle AgedProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesSorafenibAntineoplastic AgentsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsPDCD1 protein, humanProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorSorafenibAnti-PD-1Combination therapyHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)Multiple-kinase inhibitorNivolumabPembrolizumabPropensity score matching (PSM)SorafenibVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

Identifiers

PMID35016637
PMCPMC8753926
OpenAlexW4206187145

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.