Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35015357›Full record

ArticleWorld psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)2022

Validity and utility of Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): III. Emotional dysfunction superspectrum.

David Watson, Holly F Levin-Aspenson, Monika A Waszczuk, Christopher C Conway, Tim Dalgleish, Michael N Dretsch, Nicholas R Eaton, Miriam K Forbes, Kelsie T Forbush, Kelsey A Hobbs and 12 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
122citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

122 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. A meta-analysis of conditioned fear generalization in anxiety-related disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022
    Pooled it
  5. Trial
  6. Article
  7. Critical windows: timing of child maltreatment exposure and adult mental health.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Do Internalizing Syndromes have Incremental Validity for External Criteria Above and Beyond Each Other?Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026
    Article
  18. Revisiting the role of negative affect in alcohol use disorder: A longitudinal evaluation of Koob's allostatic model.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2026
    Article
  19. Child and adolescent psychiatry: challenges, solutions, opportunities, and future directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

David WatsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN, USA.
Holly F Levin-AspensonDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Monika A WaszczukDepartment of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Christopher C ConwayDepartment of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
Tim DalgleishMedical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Michael N DretschUS Army Medical Research Directorate - West, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA, USA.
Nicholas R EatonDepartment of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Miriam K ForbesCentre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Kelsie T ForbushDepartment of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Kelsey A HobbsDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Giorgia MicheliniSemel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Brady D NelsonDepartment of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Martin SellbomDepartment of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Tim SladeMatilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Susan C SouthDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Matthew SunderlandMatilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Irwin WaldmanDepartment of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Michael WitthöftDepartment for Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Aidan G C WrightDepartment of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Roman KotovDepartment of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Robert F KruegerDepartment of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
HiTOP Utility Workgroup

Funding

Prospective Determination of Neurobehavioral Risk for the Development of Emotion DisordersR01MH107444 · NIMH · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI SHACKMAN, ALEXANDER JOSEPH · 2016 to 2020
$3.4M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH107444
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a quantitative nosological system that addresses shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, including arbitrary boundaries between psychopathology and normality, frequent disorder co-occurrence, substantial heterogeneity within disorders, and diagnostic unreliability over time and across clinicians. This paper reviews evidence on the validity and utility of the internalizing and somatoform spectra of HiTOP, which together provide support for an emotional dysfunction superspectrum. These spectra are composed of homogeneous symptom and maladaptive trait dimensions currently subsumed within multiple diagnostic classes, including depressive, anxiety, trauma-related, eating, bipolar, and somatic symptom disorders, as well as sexual dysfunction and aspects of personality disorders. Dimensions falling within the emotional dysfunction superspectrum are broadly linked to individual differences in negative affect/neuroticism. Extensive evidence establishes that dimensions falling within the superspectrum share genetic diatheses, environmental risk factors, cognitive and affective difficulties, neural substrates and biomarkers, childhood temperamental antecedents, and treatment response. The structure of these validators mirrors the quantitative structure of the superspectrum, with some correlates more specific to internalizing or somatoform conditions, and others common to both, thereby underlining the hierarchical structure of the domain. Compared to traditional diagnoses, the internalizing and somatoform spectra demonstrated substantially improved utility: greater reliability, larger explanatory and predictive power, and greater clinical applicability. Validated measures are currently available to implement the HiTOP system in practice, which can make diagnostic classification more useful, both in research and in the clinic.

Indexed as

anxiety disordersclinical utilitydepressioneating disordersemotional dysfunctionHiTOPinternalizingnegative affectneuroticismsexual dysfunctionsomatoform

Identifiers

PMID35015357
PMCPMC8751579

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.