ReviewBreast cancer research and treatment2022
Immunotherapy toxicity: identification and management.
Review in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting adverse drug event using machine learning based on electronic health records: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- mRNA Therapeutics Beyond Infectious Diseases: Expanding Therapeutic Applications and Future Perspectives.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Real-World Toxicities and Outcomes of Pembrolizumab in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- The Trifecta of Polo-Like Kinases, Cancer, and the Immune System: Emerging Intersections and Therapeutic Insights.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2026Review
- Drug Rechallenge after Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Inflammation and Optic Nerve Disorders.Ocular oncology and pathology · 2026Article
- Characterization of Anti-Canine PD-1 Antibodies.Cells · 2026Article
- Dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia in gynecologic cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint Inhibitors: a case series.Gynecologic oncology reports · 2026Article
- Metabolic Signatures of Breast Cancer Subtypes and the Metabolic Impact of Chemotherapy.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Molecular subgroups and biomarker guided precision immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer: advances, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Revisiting the standard of care for immune checkpoint inhibitors in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: timing, duration, dose, combination, and patient selection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Age and Clinical Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicities in Portugal: A Decade of Pharmacovigilance.Cancers · 2025Article
- Beyond futility: The history and potential of liver transplantation in cholangiocarcinoma.World journal of transplantation · 2025Review
- Multi-institutional analysis of incidence and risks for late-onset immune toxicity in breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Recent progress in immune evasion mechanisms of triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Recent advances in drug delivery and treatment strategies for acute myeloid leukemia.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Long-Term Outcomes and Toxicities in Patients With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immunotherapy Containing Regimens.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Treatment Strategies for Cutaneous and Oral Mucosal Side Effects of Oncological Treatment in Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Addressing the Needs of Breast Cancer Survivors.Current oncology reports · 2025Review
- Managing Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Guide for the Dermatology Clinician.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2025Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Allograft Rejection Risk: Emerging Evidence Regarding Their Use in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The widespread adoption of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of various cancer types, including metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which has long been associated with poor prognostic outcomes. In particular, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target and inhibit programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), have shown promising results in the treatment of patients with metastatic TNBC. However, while manipulating the immune system to induce antitumor response, ICIs can also lead to a unique set of immune-related adverse events (IRAEs), which differ from standard chemotherapy toxicities due to their immune-based origin. These toxicities require highly specific management, including guidance from multidisciplinary specialists. The primary treatment strategy against IRAEs is systemic corticosteroid use, but additional treatment approaches may also involve supportive care, additional immunosuppression, and concurrent treatment delay or discontinuation. Given the rising prevalence of ICI therapy, it is essential to educate clinicians on the presentation and management of these potentially life-threatening events so that they are identified early and treated appropriately. Using data from recent clinical trials, this review will focus on known IRAEs, particularly those seen in patients with breast cancer, and will summarize their prevalence, severity, and outcomes. We will discuss optimal strategies for early recognition and management, as well as approaches toward cautious retreatment following resolution of IRAEs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.