ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
Ship traffic connects Antarctica's fragile coasts to worldwide ecosystems.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hanta on the Hondius - public health and bioethical perspectives of the recentNew microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- Anthropogenic Black Carbon Signatures in Antarctic Fjords: Implications for Carbon Cycling.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Benthic biodiversity in Collins Bay (King George Island), Antarctica: evidence for small-scale community structuring.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Research Bias in Long-Term Monitoring of Antarctic Nearshore Marine and Terrestrial Biota.Global change biology · 2025Review
- Impacts of Antarctic summer sea-ice extremes.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Microplastic hotspots mapped across the Southern Ocean reveal areas of potential ecological impact.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Non-native species in marine protected areas: Global distribution patterns.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2024Article
- Identifying marine invasion threats and management priorities through introduction pathway analysis in a remote sub-Antarctic ecosystem.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Quantifying the probability of a successful marine bioinvasion due to source-destination risk factors.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Confirmation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in skuas, Antarctica 2024.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Introduced and invasive alien species of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean Islands.Scientific data · 2023Article
- A molecular perspective on the invasibility of the southern ocean benthos: The impact of hypoxia and temperature on gene expression in South American and AntarcticFrontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Islands in the ice: Potential impacts of habitat transformation on Antarctic biodiversity.Global change biology · 2022Article
- Ego network analysis of the trophic structure of an island land bird through 300 years of climate change and invaders.Ecology and evolution · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antarctica, an isolated and long considered pristine wilderness, is becoming increasingly exposed to the negative effects of ship-borne human activity, and especially the introduction of invasive species. Here, we provide a comprehensive quantitative analysis of ship movements into Antarctic waters and a spatially explicit assessment of introduction risk for nonnative marine species in all Antarctic waters. We show that vessels traverse Antarctica's isolating natural barriers, connecting it directly via an extensive network of ship activity to all global regions, especially South Atlantic and European ports. Ship visits are more than seven times higher to the Antarctic Peninsula (especially east of Anvers Island) and the South Shetland Islands than elsewhere around Antarctica, together accounting for 88% of visits to Southern Ocean ecoregions. Contrary to expectations, we show that while the five recognized "Antarctic Gateway cities" are important last ports of call, especially for research and tourism vessels, an additional 53 ports had vessels directly departing to Antarctica from 2014 to 2018. We identify ports outside Antarctica where biosecurity interventions could be most effectively implemented and the most vulnerable Antarctic locations where monitoring programs for high-risk invaders should be established.
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