Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35012562›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2022

Immunological status of the olfactory bulb in a murine model of Toll-like receptor 3-mediated upper respiratory tract inflammation.

Ryoji Kagoya, Makiko Toma-Hirano, Junya Yamagishi, Naoyuki Matsumoto, Kenji Kondo, Ken Ito

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Olfactory Training in a Murine Model of Olfactory Dysfunction.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Effects of nasal inflammation on the olfactory bulb.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022
    Review
  8. Review
  9. The Effects ofEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ryoji KagoyaDepartment of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan. rkagoya11@yahoo.co.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4094-1609
Makiko Toma-HiranoDepartment of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Junya YamagishiDepartment of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Naoyuki MatsumotoDepartment of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Kenji KondoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
Ken ItoDepartment of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
Teikyo University · JPThe University of Tokyo · JPKameda Medical Center · JP

Funding

japanese ministry of education, culture, sports, science and technology 19K18723
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPostviral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) following a viral upper respiratory tract infection (URI) is one of the most common causes of olfactory disorders, often lasting for over a year. To date, the molecular pathology of PVOD has not been elucidated.

methodsA murine model of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-mediated upper respiratory tract inflammation was used to investigate the impact of URIs on the olfactory system. Inflammation was induced via the intranasal administration of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C), a TLR3 ligand) to the right nostril for 3 days. Peripheral olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), immune cells in the olfactory mucosa, and glial cells in the olfactory bulb (OB) were analyzed histologically. Proinflammatory cytokines in the nasal tissue and OB were evaluated using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

resultsIn the treated mice, OSNs were markedly reduced in the olfactory mucosa, and T cell and neutrophil infiltration therein was observed 1 day after the end of poly(I:C) administration. Moreover, there was a considerable increase in microglial cells and slight increase in activated astrocytes in the OB. In addition, qPCR and ELISA revealed the elevated expression of interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma both in the OB and nasal tissue.

conclusionsTaken together, the decreased peripheral OSNs, OB microgliosis, and elevated proinflammatory cytokines suggest that immunological changes in the OB may be involved in the pathogenesis of PVOD.

Indexed as

AnimalsDisease Models, AnimalInflammationMiceMicrogliaOlfactory BulbOlfactory MucosaPoly I-CRespiratory Tract InfectionsToll-Like Receptor 3Poly I-CToll-Like Receptor 3MicrogliaOlfactory bulbPoly(I:C)Proinflammatory cytokinesTLR3

Identifiers

PMID35012562
PMCPMC8744287
OpenAlexW4206346735

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.