Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2022
Consultation rates in people with type 2 diabetes with and without vascular complications: a retrospective analysis of 141,328 adults in England.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Continuous metabolic syndrome score and cardiometabolic multimorbidity risk in three nationwide cohorts.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cumulative average remnant cholesterol inflammatory index and risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: evidence from a prospective nationwide cohort study in China.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Chronic Kidney Disease in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Article
- Disrupted specialist outpatient services and alternative modes of service for patients with diabetes mellitus: A population-based, retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- A call for doubling the diagnostic rate of at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Review
- Use of primary health care services and mortality in older patients with type 2 diabetes with or without comorbidities.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2023Article
- Factors associated with the consultation of GPs among adults aged ≥16 years: an analysis of data from the Health Survey for England 2019.BJGP open · 2023Article
- Multimorbidity Patterns among People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Findings from Lima, Peru.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess trends in primary and specialist care consultation rates and average length of consultation by cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), or cardiometabolic multimorbidity exposure status.
methodsObservational, retrospective cohort study used linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink primary care data from 01/01/2000 to 31/12/2018 to assess consultation rates in 141,328 adults with newly diagnosed T2DM, with or without CVD. Patients who entered the study with either a diagnosis of T2DM or CVD and later developed the second condition during the study are classified as the cardiometabolic multimorbidity group. Face to face primary and specialist care consultations, with either a nurse or general practitioner, were assessed over time in subjects with T2DM, CVD, or cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Changes in the average length of consultation in each group were investigated.
results696,255 (mean 4.9 years [95% CI, 2.02-7.66]) person years of follow up time, there were 10,221,798 primary and specialist care consultations. The crude rate of primary and specialist care consultations in patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (N = 11,881) was 18.5 (95% CI, 18.47-18.55) per person years, 13.5 (13.50, 13.52) in patients with T2DM only (N = 83,094) and 13.2 (13.18, 13.21) in those with CVD (N = 57,974). Patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity had 28% (IRR 1.28; 95% CI: 1.27, 1.31) more consultations than those with only T2DM. Patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity had primary care consultation rates decrease by 50.1% compared to a 45.0% decrease in consultations for those with T2DM from 2000 to 2018. Specialist care consultation rates in both groups increased from 2003 to 2018 by 33.3% and 54.4% in patients with cardiometabolic multimorbidity and T2DM, respectively. For patients with T2DM the average consultation duration increased by 36.0%, in patients with CVD it increased by 74.3%, and in those with cardiometabolic multimorbidity it increased by 37.3%.
conclusionsAnnual primary care consultation rates for individuals with T2DM, CVD, or cardiometabolic multimorbidity have fallen since 2000, while specialist care consultations and average consultation length have both increased. Individuals with cardiometabolic multimorbidity have significantly more consultations than individuals with T2DM or CVD alone. Service redesign of health care delivery needs to be considered for people with cardiometabolic multimorbidity to reduce the burden and health care costs.
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