ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis among Cirrhotic Patients: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcomes.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due toRevista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2025Pooled it
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin in Peritoneal Effluent and Ascitic Fluid for Early Detection of Peritonitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Association of Early Albumin Administration with Clinical Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Is Associated With High Mortality, Which Interacts With Antibiotic Prophylaxis in a National Cirrhosis Cohort.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Global Prevalence, Temporal Trends, and Associated Mortality of Bacterial Infections in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Meta-analysis.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Article
- Understanding the Utility of Automation for Diagnosing Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Its Variants.Cureus · 2025Article
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and associated factors among patients with cirrhotic ascites attending public hospitals in Harari region, eastern Ethiopia.SAGE open medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Epidemiology of liver cirrhosis and associated complications: Current knowledge and future directions.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
(1) Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a feared complication of liver cirrhosis. We investigated the prevalence of SBP, positive ascitic fluid cultures, and risk factors for mortality. (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients with cirrhosis hospitalized or in follow-up in a single center between 1996 and 2020. The clinical data, long-term complications, and mortality of SBP patients were compared with those of non-SBP patients. Ascitic fluid positive culture was compared with those without growth. (3) Results: We included 1035 cirrhotic patients, of which 173 (16.7%) developed SBP. Ascitic fluid culture growth was found in 47.4% of the SBP cases, with Escherichia coli bacteria detected in 38%, 24.4% grew ESBL-producing bacteria, and 14.5% displayed multidrug resistance. In a Cox regression model, SBP, male sex, prolonged INR at diagnosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma were found to be risk factors for mortality in cirrhotic patients. The long-term all-cause mortality was 60% in non-SBP and 90% in SBP patients. (4) Conclusions: Only a minority of cirrhotic patients developed SBP, 47.4% of which had positive ascitic fluid cultures with high antibiotic resistance. Growth of ESBL and multidrug resistant organisms is becoming more frequent in the clinical setting, reaching SBP mortality of 90%.
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