ArticleCells2022
Carnosic Acid Attenuates the Free Fatty Acid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Muscle Cells and Adipocytes.
Article in Cells, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carnosic Acid Attenuates TNF-α-Induced Insulin Resistance by Regulating Mitochondrial Function in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Circulating spexin and adiponectin as early biomarkers of insulin resistance in pediatric obesity.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance-related surrogate indices and recurrence of mild hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Association between AIP and incident T2DM in patients with NAFLD: a retrospective study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Carnosic Acid (CA) Induces a Brown Fat-like Phenotype, Increases Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Activates AMPK in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Article
- Pathogenesis, Intervention, and Current Status of Drug Development for Sarcopenia: A Review.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- A Descriptive Whole-Genome Transcriptomics Study in a Stem Cell-Based Tool Predicts Multiple Tissue-Specific Beneficial Potential and Molecular Targets of Carnosic Acid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Muscle Cell Insulin Resistance Is Attenuated by Rosmarinic Acid: Elucidating the Mechanisms Involved.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Combination Therapy of Carnosic Acid and Methotrexate Effectively Suppressed the Inflammatory Markers and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Arthritis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effects of salvianolic acid A on intestinal microbiota and lipid metabolism disorders in Zucker diabetic fatty rats.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2022Article
- Chronic Central Leptin Infusion Promotes an Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Profile Related to the Activation of Insulin Signaling in the Gastrocnemius of Male Rats.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Non-linear relationship between the body roundness index and incident type 2 diabetes in Japan: a secondary retrospective analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Elevated blood free fatty acids (FFAs), as seen in obesity, impair insulin action leading to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Several serine/threonine kinases including JNK, mTOR, and p70 S6K cause serine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and have been implicated in insulin resistance. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) increases glucose uptake, and in recent years, AMPK has been viewed as an important target to counteract insulin resistance. We reported previously that carnosic acid (CA) found in rosemary extract (RE) and RE increased glucose uptake and activated AMPK in muscle cells. In the present study, we examined the effects of CA on palmitate-induced insulin-resistant L6 myotubes and 3T3L1 adipocytes. Exposure of cells to palmitate reduced the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, GLUT4 transporter levels on the plasma membrane, and Akt activation. Importantly, CA attenuated the deleterious effect of palmitate and restored the insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, the activation of Akt, and GLUT4 levels. Additionally, CA markedly attenuated the palmitate-induced phosphorylation/activation of JNK, mTOR, and p70S6K and activated AMPK. Our data indicate that CA has the potential to counteract the palmitate-induced muscle and fat cell insulin resistance.
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