Trial reportInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Can an E-Mail-Delivered CBT for Insomnia Validated in the West Be Effective in the East? A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sleep Interventions and the Prevention of Pediatric Anxiety: A Systematic Review.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Pooled it
- The intervention effect of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety, depression, and stress in college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Digital Sleep Interventions on Sleep Among College Students and Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Health behaviour interventions to improve mental health outcomes for students in the university setting: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of psychological treatments to improve sleep quality in university students.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- How Does E-mail-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Work for Young Adults (18-28 Years) with Insomnia? Mediators of Changes in Insomnia, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Digital treatment for insomnia in adolescents: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia to sleep hygiene.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Active components in digital health interventions for sleep among adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of an App-Based Short Intervention to Improve Sleep: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mental health · 2023Article
- Effects of COVID-19-Related Anxiety and Sleep Problems on Loneliness and Feelings of School Refusal in Adolescents.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study examined the effects of an e-mail-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), validated in Western countries, on insomnia severity, anxiety, and depression in young adults with insomnia in Eastern countries, particularly Japan. This prospective parallel-group randomized clinical trial included college students with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores of ten or higher. Participants were recruited via advertising on a university campus and randomized to an e-mail-delivered CBT-I (REFRESH) or self-monitoring (SM) with sleep diaries group. The primary outcomes were insomnia severity, anxiety, and depression; secondary outcomes were sleep hygiene practices, dysfunctional beliefs, sleep reactivity, and pre-sleep arousal. All measurements were assessed before and after the intervention. A total of 48 participants (mean (SD) age, 19.56 (1.86) years; 67% female) were randomized and included in the analysis. The results of the intent-to-treat analysis showed a significant interaction effect for insomnia severity, anxiety, depression, sleep hygiene practice, and pre-sleep arousal. Compared with the SM group, the REFRESH group was more effective in reducing insomnia severity (Hedges' g = 1.50), anxiety (g = 0.97), and depression (g = 0.61) post-intervention. These findings suggest that an e-mail-delivered CBT-I may be an effective treatment for young adults with elevated insomnia symptoms living in Japan.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.