ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2021
What Is the Cause of Toxicity of Silicone Oil?
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- High resolution optical coherence tomography of intraretinal silicone oil migration after repair of fovea sparing retinal detachment.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2026Article
- Complications of silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery: a narrative review of clinical and experimental evidence.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2026Review
- Determinants of cataract types following pars plana vitrectomy: roles of underlying diseases, age, surgery duration, and silicone oil tamponade.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Carbon footprint of Pars plana vitrectomies in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Germany between 2013 and 2023 - A cohort study of fluorinated gas emissions.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Towards atraumatic cochlear implant insertion monitoring using a hydraulic-based, cost-effective intracochlear pressure probe.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Emulsification of Silicone Oils: Altering Factors and Possible Complications-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- A minimum specification dataset for liquid ocular endotamponades: recommendations by a European expert panel.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024Article
- Effect of silicone oil versus gas tamponade on macular layer microstructure after pars plana vitrectomy for macula on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Contamination Profile of Different Formulations of Silicone Oil Tamponade Before and After Intraocular Permanence for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Vitreous Substitutes from Bench to the Operating Room in a Translational Approach: Review and Future Endeavors in Vitreoretinal Surgery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Fibrinogen Deposition on Silicone Oil-Infused Silver-Releasing Urinary Catheters Compromises Antibiofilm and Anti-Encrustation Properties.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2023Article
- Assessment of Silicone Oil Emulsification: A Comparison of Currently Applied Methods.Journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Retinal and Corneal Changes Associated with Intraocular Silicone Oil Tamponade.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the toxicity of the low-molecular-weight components (LMWCs) in ophthalmic silicone oils (SilOils) on retinal cell lines.
methodsThe toxicity of six types of LMWCs were studied and compared with conventional SilOil 1000 cSt. In vitro cytotoxic tests of LMWCs, in both liquid and emulsified forms, on three retinal cell lines (Müller cells (rMC-1), photoreceptor cells (661W) and retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19)) were conducted using a transwell cell culturing system. The morphology and viability of cells were assessed by light microscopy and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay at different time points (6, 24 and 72 h). The ARPE-19 apoptotic pathway was investigated by Mitochondrial Membrane Potential/Annexin V Apoptosis Kit at different time points (6, 24 and 72 h).
resultsApart from dodecamethylpentasiloxane (L5), all liquid LMWCs showed varying degrees of acute cytotoxicity on retinal cell lines within 72 h. Emulsified LMWCs showed comparable cytotoxicity with liquid LMWCs on retinal cell lines. Cyclic LMWCs, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) had significantly higher cytotoxicity when compared with their linear counterparts decamethyltetrasiloxane (L4) and L5 with similar molecular formula. Using ARPE-19 cells as an example, we showed that LMWCs induce the apoptosis of retinal cells.
conclusionsMost LMWCs, in both liquid and emulsified forms, can induce acute cytotoxicity. In addition, cyclic LMWCs are suspected to have higher cytotoxicity than their linear counterparts. Therefore, LMWCs are suspected to be the main cause of the long-term toxicity of ophthalmic SilOil, due to their toxicity and propensity to cause ophthalmic SilOil to emulsify. The amount of LMWCs should be considered as the paramount parameter when referring to the quality of SilOil.
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