ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Systemic Interleukins' Profile in Early and Advanced Colorectal Cancer.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Abundance and balance of circulating leukocyte subsets and colorectal cancer survival.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- TP53 mutation is associated with improved disease control in patients with advanced RAS wild-type colorectal adenocarcinoma treated with cetuximab and pembrolizumab.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Immunological Insights into Peritoneal Carcinomatosis for Gastrointestinal Malignancies: The Role of Soluble Factors in Malignant Ascites.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Systemic Protein Biomarkers, Composite Blood Inflammatory Indices and Cellular Ratios in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Targets.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Serum Cytokine Profiles Associated with Inflammation and Tumor Progression in Crohn's Disease and Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer: immunomodulation, diagnostics, and therapeutic perspectives.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells in colorectal cancer: a synergistic immunosuppressive axis and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advances in Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Gender and Sex Differences in Biomarkers and Their Perspectives for Novel Biosensing Detection Methods.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Elevated Interleukin-1β and Deep Tissue Cryptosporidium Infection in Colorectal Cancer: A Novel Association.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- Early Detection of Prostate Cancer Using Novel ELISA-Based Biomarkers: Insights into Inflammatory and Tumor-Specific Pathways.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025Article
- A multi-omics exploration of PPARG activation in colon cancer: kinases featuring a PPRE sequence within regulatory regions.Biology direct · 2025Article
- Circulating inflammatory cytokines and colorectal cancer: New insights from Mendelian randomization.Medicine · 2025Article
- Differences in the peripheral blood immune landscape between early-onset and late-onset colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Functional links between the microbiome and the molecular pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Expression of Interleukin-8, Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-13 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Biomarker Potentiality and Prognostic Significance.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2024Article
- From Crypts to Cancer: A Holistic Perspective on Colorectal Carcinogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals stage- and side-specificity of gene modules in colorectal cancer.Research square · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of myeloid-derived suppressor cell-mediated immunosuppression in colorectal cancer and related therapies.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Review
- Immunocytes interact directly with cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment: one coin with two sides and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by mutual interactions of the tumor, stromal and immune cells. Early and advanced colorectal tumors differ in structure and present altered serum cytokine levels. Mutual crosstalk among TME infiltrating cells may shift the balance into immune suppressive or pro-inflammatory, antitumor response this way influencing patients' prognosis. Cancer-related inflammation affects all the body and this way, the systemic level of cytokines could reflect TME processes. Despite numerous studies, it is still not known how systemic cytokines levels change during colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor development. Better understanding tumor microenvironment processes could help in planning therapeutic interventions and more accurate patient prognosis. To contribute to the comprehension of these processes within TME, we reviewed cytokines levels from clinical trials in early and advanced colorectal cancer. Presented data were analyzed in the context of experimental studies and studies analyzing tumor infiltration with immune cells. The review summarizes clinical data of cytokines secreted by tumor microenvironment cells: lymphocytes T helper 1 (Th1), lymphocytes T helper 2 (Th2), lymphocytes T helper 17 (Th17), regulatory T cells (Treg cells), regulatory T cells (Breg cells), M1/M2 macrophages, N1/N2 neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), dendritic cells (DC), innate lymphoid cells (ILC) natural killer (NK) cells and tumor cells.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.