ReviewCancers2021
Frontiers in Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery: Challenges and Perspectives of Metformin as Anti-Angiogenic Add-On Therapy in Glioblastoma.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metformin and Flutamide Combination Therapy's Efficacy and Safety in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines.Prostate cancer · 2026Article
- Consequences of Hypoxic Events, Necrosis, and Microvascular Density, in Astrocytoma IDH-Mutant, CNS WHO Grade 4.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Innovative horizons: harnessing drug repositioning for targeted therapeutics in colorectal cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Comparative Clinical-Imaging and Histogenetic Analysis Between Astrocytoma IDH-Mutant Grade 4 and Glioblastoma IDH-Wildtype-Is There Really a Worse One?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Advances in the treatment of glioma-related signaling pathways and mechanisms by metformin.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Glucose Promotes EMMPRIN/CD147 and the Secretion of Pro-Angiogenic Factors in a Co-Culture System of Endothelial Cells and Monocytes.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Metformin and Glucose Concentration as Limiting Factors in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Viability and Proliferation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- NeuroD4 converts glioblastoma cells into neuron-like cells through the SLC7A11-GSH-GPX4 antioxidant axis.Cell death discovery · 2023Article
- Review
- A Retrospective Study on the Role of Metformin in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Review
- Identifying novel candidate compounds for therapeutic strategies in retinopathy of prematurity via computational drug-gene association analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- The Vascular Microenvironment in Glioblastoma: A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Review
- Effects of Metformin as Add-On Therapy against Glioblastoma: An Old Medicine for Novel Oncology Therapeutics.Cancers · 2022Article
- Metformin: Activation of 5' AMP-activated protein kinase and its emerging potential beyond anti-hyperglycemic action.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primitive tumor in adult central nervous system (CNS), classified as grade IV according to WHO 2016 classification. Glioblastoma shows a poor prognosis with an average survival of approximately 15 months, representing an extreme therapeutic challenge. One of its distinctive and aggressive features is aberrant angiogenesis, which drives tumor neovascularization, representing a promising candidate for molecular target therapy. Although several pre-clinical studies and clinical trials have shown promising results, anti-angiogenic drugs have not led to a significant improvement in overall survival (OS), suggesting the necessity of identifying novel therapeutic strategies. Metformin, an anti-hyperglycemic drug of the Biguanides family, used as first line treatment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo antitumoral efficacy in many different tumors, including glioblastoma. From this evidence, a process of repurposing of the drug has begun, leading to the demonstration of inhibition of various oncopromoter mechanisms and, consequently, to the identification of the molecular pathways involved. Here, we review and discuss metformin's potential antitumoral effects on glioblastoma, inspecting if it could properly act as an anti-angiogenic compound to be considered as a safely add-on therapy in the treatment and management of glioblastoma patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.